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Code-switching (CS), common in multilingual settings, presents challenges for ASR due to scarce and costly transcribed data caused by linguistic complexity. This study investigates building CS-ASR using synthetic CS data. We propose a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-18 Tuan Nguyen , Huy-Dat Tran

Code-switching is a speech phenomenon occurring when a speaker switches language during a conversation. Despite the spontaneous nature of code-switching in conversational spoken language, most existing works collect code-switching data from…

Self-supervised contrastive learning (CL) has achieved remarkable empirical success, often producing representations that rival supervised pre-training on downstream tasks. Recent theory explains this by showing that the CL loss closely…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-13 Achleshwar Luthra , Priyadarsi Mishra , Tomer Galanti

We propose a new approach for learning contextualised cross-lingual word embeddings based on a small parallel corpus (e.g. a few hundred sentence pairs). Our method obtains word embeddings via an LSTM encoder-decoder model that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-10-22 Takashi Wada , Tomoharu Iwata , Yuji Matsumoto , Timothy Baldwin , Jey Han Lau

While contrastive learning is proven to be an effective training strategy in computer vision, Natural Language Processing (NLP) is only recently adopting it as a self-supervised alternative to Masked Language Modeling (MLM) for improving…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-09-16 Hooman Sedghamiz , Shivam Raval , Enrico Santus , Tuka Alhanai , Mohammad Ghassemi

Learning quality document embeddings is a fundamental problem in natural language processing (NLP), information retrieval (IR), recommendation systems, and search engines. Despite recent advances in the development of transformer-based…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-27 Daniel Saggau , Mina Rezaei , Bernd Bischl , Ilias Chalkidis

Contrastive learning has achieved remarkable success in self-supervised representation learning, often guided by information-theoretic objectives such as mutual information maximization. Motivated by the limitations of static augmentations…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-16 Jiansong Zhang , Zhuoqin Yang , Xu Wu , Xiaoling Luo , Peizhong Liu , Linlin Shen

Recently, neural networks have shown impressive progress across diverse fields, with speech processing being no exception. However, recent breakthroughs in this area require extensive offline training using large datasets and tremendous…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-06-05 Umberto Cappellazzo , Enrico Fini , Muqiao Yang , Daniele Falavigna , Alessio Brutti , Bhiksha Raj

This paper presents our latest effort on improving Code-switching language models that suffer from data scarcity. We investigate methods to augment Code-switching training text data by artificially generating them. Concretely, we propose a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-12-14 Chia-Yu Li , Ngoc Thang Vu

Despite achieving impressive results on standard benchmarks, large foundational models still struggle against code-switching test cases. When data scarcity cannot be used as the usual justification for poor performance, the reason may lie…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-22 Enes Yavuz Ugan , Ngoc-Quan Pham , Alexander Waibel

The advancement of multimodal large language models has accelerated the development of speech-to-speech interaction systems. While natural monolingual interaction has been achieved, we find existing models exhibit deficiencies in language…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Heyang Liu , Yuhao Wang , Ziyang Cheng , Ronghua Wu , Qunshan Gu , Yanfeng Wang , Yu Wang

We introduce EfficientCL, a memory-efficient continual pretraining method that applies contrastive learning with novel data augmentation and curriculum learning. For data augmentation, we stack two types of operation sequentially: cutoff…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-10-19 Seonghyeon Ye , Jiseon Kim , Alice Oh

This paper is a technical report to share our experience and findings building a Korean and English bilingual multimodal model. While many of the multimodal datasets focus on English and multilingual multimodal research uses…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-04-18 Byungsoo Ko , Geonmo Gu

Recommender systems are widely deployed in various web environments, and self-supervised learning (SSL) has recently attracted significant attention in this field. Contrastive learning (CL) stands out as a major SSL paradigm due to its…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-01-17 Yu Zhang , Lei Sang , Yi Zhang , Yiwen Zhang , Yun Yang

We introduce a simple neural encoder architecture that can be trained using an unsupervised contrastive learning objective which gets its positive samples from data-augmented k-Nearest Neighbors search. We show that when built on top of…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-10-24 Robin Algayres , Adel Nabli , Benoit Sagot , Emmanuel Dupoux

Despite advances in multilingual automatic speech recognition (ASR), code-switching (CS), the mixing of languages within an utterance common in daily speech, remains a severely underexplored challenge. In this paper, we introduce HiKE: the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-14 Gio Paik , Yongbeom Kim , Soungmin Lee , Sangmin Ahn , Chanwoo Kim

Learning better sentence embeddings leads to improved performance for natural language understanding tasks including semantic textual similarity (STS) and natural language inference (NLI). As prior studies leverage large-scale labeled NLI…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-11 Sho Hoshino , Akihiko Kato , Soichiro Murakami , Peinan Zhang

Contrastive representation learning has proven to be an effective self-supervised learning method for images and videos. Most successful approaches are based on Noise Contrastive Estimation (NCE) and use different views of an instance as…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-09-27 Julien Denize , Jaonary Rabarisoa , Astrid Orcesi , Romain Hérault

Unsupervised sentence representation learning remains a critical challenge in modern natural language processing (NLP) research. Recently, contrastive learning techniques have achieved significant success in addressing this issue by…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-20 Wenxiao Liu , Zihong Yang , Chaozhuo Li , Zijin Hong , Jianfeng Ma , Zhiquan Liu , Litian Zhang , Feiran Huang

Sequential recommender systems (SRS) are designed to predict users' future behaviors based on their historical interaction data. Recent research has increasingly utilized contrastive learning (CL) to leverage unsupervised signals to…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-03-19 Peilin Zhou , You-Liang Huang , Yueqi Xie , Jingqi Gao , Shoujin Wang , Jae Boum Kim , Sunghun Kim