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Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) achieve versatility by reformulating diverse tasks into a unified instruction-following framework via instruction tuning. However, real-world deployment requires continuous adaptation to emerging…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Jun-Tao Tang , Yu-Cheng Shi , Zhen-Hao Xie , Da-Wei Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in code generation and structured reasoning; however, their performance often degrades on complex tasks that require consistent multi-step planning. Recent work has…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-11 Fei Xu Yu , Gina Adam , Nathaniel D. Bastian , Tian Lan

As educational systems evolve, ensuring that assessment items remain aligned with content standards is essential for maintaining fairness and instructional relevance. Traditional human alignment reviews are accurate but slow and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-26 Farzan Karimi-Malekabadi , Pooya Razavi , Sonya Powers

Scaling test-time compute has emerged as a powerful mechanism for enhancing Large Language Model (LLM) performance. However, standard post-training paradigms, Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) and Reinforcement Learning (RL), optimize the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-21 Adam Ousherovitch , Ambuj Tewari

Continuous-time reinforcement learning (CTRL) provides a principled framework for sequential decision-making in environments where interactions evolve continuously over time. Despite its empirical success, the theoretical understanding of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-22 Runze Zhao , Yue Yu , Adams Yiyue Zhu , Chen Yang , Dongruo Zhou

Recently, deep reinforcement learning (DRL) models have shown promising results in solving NP-hard Combinatorial Optimization (CO) problems. However, most DRL solvers can only scale to a few hundreds of nodes for combinatorial optimization…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-26 Ruizhong Qiu , Zhiqing Sun , Yiming Yang

Multi-task learning (MTL) has shown great potential in medical image analysis, improving the generalizability of the learned features and the performance in individual tasks. However, most of the work on MTL focuses on either architecture…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-09-22 Fuping Wu , Le Zhang , Yang Sun , Yuanhan Mo , Thomas Nichols , Bartlomiej W. Papiez

The integration of reinforcement learning (RL) into large language models (LLMs) has opened new opportunities for recommender systems by eliciting reasoning and improving user preference modeling. However, RL-based LLM recommendation faces…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-02-05 Lin Wang , Yang Zhang , Jingfan Chen , Xiaoyan Zhao , Fengbin Zhu , Qing Li , Tat-Seng Chua

With the advancement of large language models (LLMs), their context windows have rapidly expanded. To meet diverse demands from varying-length requests in online services, existing state-of-the-art systems tune the sequence parallelism (SP)…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-11-20 Cong Li , Yuzhe Yang , Xuegui Zheng , Qifan Yang , Yijin Guan , Size Zheng , Li-Wen Chang , Shufan Liu , Xin Liu , Guangyu Sun

The sim-to-real gap, which represents the disparity between training and testing environments, poses a significant challenge in reinforcement learning (RL). A promising approach to addressing this challenge is distributionally robust RL,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-05 Miao Lu , Han Zhong , Tong Zhang , Jose Blanchet

With respect to improving the reasoning accuracy of LLMs, the representative reinforcement learning (RL) method GRPO faces failure due to insignificant reward variance, while verification methods based on process reward models (PRMs) suffer…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-09-09 Sining Zhoubian , Dan Zhang , Jie Tang

In-context learning (ICL) for large language models has proven to be a powerful approach for many natural language processing tasks. However, determining the best method to select examples for ICL is nontrivial as the results can vary…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-07-28 Subha Vadlamannati , Gözde Gül Şahin

LLMs demonstrate strong performance in auto-mated software engineering, particularly for code generation and issue resolution. While proprietary models like GPT-4o achieve high benchmarks scores on SWE-bench, their API dependence, cost, and…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Yibo Wang , Zhihao Peng , Ying Wang , Zhao Wei , Hai Yu , Zhiliang Zhu

Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) has recently emerged as a powerful technique for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of LLMs. Techniques such as SFT or DPO have enabled LLMs to distill high-quality behaviors from MCTS, improving their…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Xiyao Wang , Linfeng Song , Ye Tian , Dian Yu , Baolin Peng , Haitao Mi , Furong Huang , Dong Yu

This paper introduces a novel reinforcement learning (RL) approach to scheduling mixed-criticality (MC) systems on processors with varying speeds. Building upon the foundation laid by [1], we extend their work to address the non-preemptive…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-09 Muhammad El-Mahdy , Nourhan Sakr , Rodrigo Carrasco

Large language models (LLMs) excel at few-shot in-context learning (ICL) without requiring parameter updates. However, as ICL demonstrations increase from a few to many, performance tends to plateau and eventually decline. We identify two…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Xiaoqing Zhang , Ang Lv , Yuhan Liu , Flood Sung , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Shuo Shang , Xiuying Chen , Rui Yan

Rapid advancements in GPU computational power has outpaced memory capacity and bandwidth growth, creating bottlenecks in Large Language Model (LLM) inference. Post-training quantization is the leading method for addressing memory-related…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-14 Ayush Kaushal , Tejas Vaidhya , Arnab Kumar Mondal , Tejas Pandey , Aaryan Bhagat , Irina Rish

Recent advances in Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have predominantly focused on enhancing visual perception to improve accuracy. However, a critical question remains unexplored: Do models know when they do not know? Through a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-13 Yuetian Du , Yucheng Wang , Rongyu Zhang , Zhijie Xu , Boyu Yang , Ming Kong , Jie Liu , Qiang Zhu

In-Context Learning (ICL) enhances the performance of large language models (LLMs) with demonstrations. However, obtaining these demonstrations primarily relies on manual effort. In most real-world scenarios, users are often unwilling or…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-02 Jinglong Gao , Xiao Ding , Lingxiao Zou , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

Hybrid parallelism underpins large-scale LLM training across tens of thousands of GPUs. At such scale, hardware failures on individual devices lead to performance skew across devices, diminishing overall training efficiency. Existing…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Tenghui Ma , Jihu Guo , Wei Gao , Sitian Lu , Zhisheng Ye , Hanjing Wang , Dahua Lin