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Language Model Models (LLMs) have improved dramatically in the past few years, increasing their adoption and the scope of their capabilities over time. A significant amount of work is dedicated to ``model alignment'', i.e., preventing LLMs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-07 Abhishek Singhania , Christophe Dupuy , Shivam Mangale , Amani Namboori

Automated red teaming is an effective method for identifying misaligned behaviors in large language models (LLMs). Existing approaches, however, often focus primarily on improving attack success rates while overlooking the need for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-26 Jinchuan Zhang , Yan Zhou , Yaxin Liu , Ziming Li , Songlin Hu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been widely adopted in conversational applications. However, their reliance on parametric knowledge limits reliability in real-world scenarios that require dynamic or domain-specific information.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Kaiqiao Han , LuAn Tang , Renliang Sun , Peng Yuan , Wei Cheng , Haoyu Wang , Wei Wang , Yizhou Sun , Haifeng Chen

Encoder-decoder Large Language Models (LLMs), such as BERT and RoBERTa, require that all categories in an annotation task be sufficiently represented in the training data for optimal performance. However, it is often difficult to find…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-22 Joan C. Timoneda

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances the question-answering (QA) abilities of large language models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge. However, adapting general-purpose RAG systems to specialized fields such as science and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-28 Ran Xu , Hui Liu , Sreyashi Nag , Zhenwei Dai , Yaochen Xie , Xianfeng Tang , Chen Luo , Yang Li , Joyce C. Ho , Carl Yang , Qi He

We demonstrate substantial performance gains in zero-shot dialogue state tracking (DST) by enhancing training data diversity through synthetic data generation. Existing DST datasets are severely limited in the number of application domains…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-14 James D. Finch , Jinho D. Choi

Synthetic data augmentation helps language models learn new knowledge in data-constrained domains. However, naively scaling existing synthetic data methods by training on more synthetic tokens or using stronger generators yields diminishing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-31 Seungju Han , Konwoo Kim , Chanwoo Park , Benjamin Newman , Suhas Kotha , Jaehun Jung , James Zou , Yejin Choi

Large Language Models (LLMs) are known to be susceptible to crafted adversarial attacks or jailbreaks that lead to the generation of objectionable content despite being aligned to human preferences using safety fine-tuning methods. While…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-26 Sravanti Addepalli , Yerram Varun , Arun Suggala , Karthikeyan Shanmugam , Prateek Jain

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has gained prominence as an effective method for enhancing the generative capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) through the incorporation of external knowledge. However, the evaluation of RAG…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-25 Chanhee Park , Hyeonseok Moon , Chanjun Park , Heuiseok Lim

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) presents new opportunities for automated software vulnerability detection, a crucial task in securing modern codebases. This paper presents a comparative study on the effectiveness of…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-01-05 Md Hasan Saju , Maher Muhtadi , Akramul Azim

The importance of Synthetic Data Generation (SDG) has increased significantly in domains where data quality is poor or access is limited due to privacy and regulatory constraints. One such domain is recruitment, where publicly available…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-24 Andrea Iommi , Antonio Mastropietro , Riccardo Guidotti , Anna Monreale , Salvatore Ruggieri

The generation of safety-critical scenarios in simulation has become increasingly crucial for safety evaluation in autonomous vehicles prior to road deployment in society. However, current approaches largely rely on predefined threat…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-08-26 Jiangfan Liu , Yongkang Guo , Fangzhi Zhong , Tianyuan Zhang , Zonglei Jing , Siyuan Liang , Jiakai Wang , Mingchuan Zhang , Aishan Liu , Xianglong Liu

Purpose: Large Language Models (LLMs) hold significant promise for medical applications. Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) emerges as a promising approach for customizing domain knowledge in LLMs. This case study presents the development…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) merges retrieval methods with deep learning advancements to address the static limitations of large language models (LLMs) by enabling the dynamic integration of up-to-date external information. This…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Yizheng Huang , Jimmy Huang

When building Large Language Models (LLMs), it is paramount to bear safety in mind and protect them with guardrails. Indeed, LLMs should never generate content promoting or normalizing harmful, illegal, or unethical behavior that may…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-25 Simone Tedeschi , Felix Friedrich , Patrick Schramowski , Kristian Kersting , Roberto Navigli , Huu Nguyen , Bo Li

Large language models (LLMs) are capable of producing documents, and retrieval augmented generation (RAG) has shown itself to be a powerful method for improving accuracy without sacrificing fluency. However, not all information can be…

Safety alignment incurs safety tax that perturbs a large reasoning model's (LRM) general reasoning ability. Existing datasets used for safety alignment for an LRM are usually constructed by distilling safety reasoning traces and answers…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Yingsha Xie , Tiansheng Huang , Enneng Yang , Rui Min , Wenjie Lu , Xiaochun Cao , Naiqiang Tan , Li Shen

With the advent of AI agents, automatic scientific discovery has become a tenable goal. Many recent works scaffold agentic systems that can perform machine learning research, but don't offer a principled way to train such agents -- and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-19 Ziyang Cai , Harkirat Behl

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) has advanced software engineering tasks but remains underexplored in unit test generation. To bridge this gap, we investigate the efficacy of RAG-based unit test generation for machine learning (ML/DL)…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-10-20 Jiho Shin , Nima Shiri Harzevili , Reem Aleithan , Hadi Hemmati , Song Wang

Grammar-based test case generation has proven effective for competitive programming problems, but generating valid and general grammars from natural language specifications remains a key challenge, especially under limited supervision.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-16 Aditi , Hyunwoo Park , Sicheol Sung , Yo-Sub Han , Sang-Ki Ko