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Self-attention is a method of encoding sequences of vectors by relating these vectors to each-other based on pairwise similarities. These models have recently shown promising results for modeling discrete sequences, but they are non-trivial…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2018-06-19 Matthias Sperber , Jan Niehues , Graham Neubig , Sebastian Stüker , Alex Waibel

From natural language processing to vision, Scaled Dot Product Attention (SDPA) is the backbone of most modern deep learning applications. Unfortunately, its memory and computational requirements can be prohibitive in low-resource settings.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-18 Peyman Hosseini , Mehran Hosseini , Ignacio Castro , Matthew Purver

The quadratic complexity of attention imposes severe memory and computational bottlenecks on Large Language Model (LLM) inference. This challenge is particularly acute for emerging agentic applications that require processing multi-million…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Ceyu Xu , Jiangnan Yu , Yongji Wu , Yuan Xie

Transformers have demonstrated strong performance across a wide range of sequence modeling tasks, but their quadratic attention complexity limits scalability to long sequences. Linear models such as Mamba and sliding-window attention (SWA)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-03 Aref Jafari , Yuhe Fan , Benyamin Jamialahmadi , Parsa Farinneya , Boxing Chen , Marzieh S. Tahaei

Accommodating long sequences efficiently in autoregressive Transformers, especially within an extended context window, poses significant challenges due to the quadratic computational complexity and substantial KV memory requirements…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-25 Chao Lou , Zixia Jia , Zilong Zheng , Kewei Tu

The quadratic complexity of attention remains the central bottleneck in long-context inference for large language models. Prior acceleration methods either sparsify the attention map with structured patterns or permanently evict tokens at…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-04 Dongwon Jo , Beomseok Kang , Jiwon Song , Jae-Joon Kim

Attention-based deep networks have been successfully applied on textual data in the field of NLP. However, their application on protein sequences poses additional challenges due to the weak semantics of the protein words, unlike the plain…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-08-29 Ashish Ranjan , Md Shah Fahad , Akshay Deepak

In sequence to sequence learning, the self-attention mechanism proves to be highly effective, and achieves significant improvements in many tasks. However, the self-attention mechanism is not without its own flaws. Although self-attention…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-11-22 Guangxiang Zhao , Xu Sun , Jingjing Xu , Zhiyuan Zhang , Liangchen Luo

A sequence-to-sequence model is a neural network module for mapping two sequences of different lengths. The sequence-to-sequence model has three core modules: encoder, decoder, and attention. Attention is the bridge that connects the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2018-07-24 Andros Tjandra , Sakriani Sakti , Satoshi Nakamura

Attention mechanisms, particularly softmax attention, have been instrumental in the success of transformer-based models such as GPT. However, the quadratic memory complexity of softmax attention with respect to sequence length poses…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-20 Gabriel Mongaras , Trevor Dohm , Eric C. Larson

The Transformer architecture, underpinned by the Multi-Head Attention (MHA) mechanism, has become the de facto standard for state-of-the-art models in artificial intelligence. However, the quadratic computational complexity of MHA with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-03 Adam Filipek

Attention is an important cognition process of humans, which helps humans concentrate on critical information during their perception and learning. However, although many machine learning models can remember information of data, they have…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-09-06 Guoqiang Zhong , Xin Lin , Kang Chen , Qingyang Li , Kaizhu Huang

Emerging Large Language Model (LLM) applications require long input context in order to perform complex tasks like document analysis and code generation. For these long context length applications, the length of the input prompt poses a…

Sparse attention, which selectively attends to a subset of tokens in the context was supposed to be efficient. However, its theoretical reduction in FLOPs has rarely translated into wall-clock speed-up over its dense attention counterparts…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-06 Xihui Lin , Yunan Zhang , Suyu Ge , Liliang Ren , Barun Patra , Vishrav Chaudhary , Hao Peng , Xia Song

Transformer-based architectures have become the prevailing backbone of large language models. However, the quadratic time and memory complexity of self-attention remains a fundamental obstacle to efficient long-context modeling. To address…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Yutao Sun , Zhenyu Li , Yike Zhang , Tengyu Pan , Bowen Dong , Yuyi Guo , Jianyong Wang

The softmax content-based attention mechanism has proven to be very beneficial in many applications of recurrent neural networks. Nevertheless it suffers from two major computational limitations. First, its computations for an attention…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2016-09-20 Alexandre de Brébisson , Pascal Vincent

Transformer models have achieved remarkable success in sequential recommender systems (SRSs). However, computing the attention matrix in traditional dot-product attention mechanisms results in a quadratic complexity with sequence lengths,…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-11-05 Langming Liu , Xiangyu Zhao , Chi Zhang , Jingtong Gao , Wanyu Wang , Wenqi Fan , Yiqi Wang , Ming He , Zitao Liu , Qing Li

The self-attention (SA) mechanism has demonstrated superior performance across various domains, yet it suffers from substantial complexity during both training and inference. The next-generation architecture, aiming at retaining the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-13 Guoxin Feng

Self-attention dominates the computational and memory cost of long-context LLM inference across both prefill and decode phases. To address this challenge, we introduce Sketch&Walk Attention, a training-free sparse attention method that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Hoang Anh Duy Le , Sahil Joshi , Zeyu Yang , Zhaozhuo Xu , Anshumali Shrivastava

Sparse Attention is a technique that approximates standard attention computation with sub-quadratic complexity. This is achieved by selectively ignoring smaller entries in the attention matrix during the softmax function computation.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-13 Yichuan Deng , Zhao Song , Jing Xiong , Chiwun Yang