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We derive a family of risk-sensitive reinforcement learning methods for agents, who face sequential decision-making tasks in uncertain environments. By applying a utility function to the temporal difference (TD) error, nonlinear…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2014-10-10 Yun Shen , Michael J. Tobia , Tobias Sommer , Klaus Obermayer

We present an interpretability framework for unsupervised reinforcement learning (URL) agents, aimed at understanding how intrinsic motivation shapes attention, behavior, and representation learning. We analyze five agents DQN, RND, ICM,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-13 Shashwat Pandey

The measurement of time is central to intelligent behavior. We know that both animals and artificial agents can successfully use temporal dependencies to select actions. In artificial agents, little work has directly addressed (1) which…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-12-10 Ben Deverett , Ryan Faulkner , Meire Fortunato , Greg Wayne , Joel Z. Leibo

To solve complex real-world problems with reinforcement learning, we cannot rely on manually specified reward functions. Instead, we can have humans communicate an objective to the agent directly. In this work, we combine two approaches to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-11-16 Borja Ibarz , Jan Leike , Tobias Pohlen , Geoffrey Irving , Shane Legg , Dario Amodei

An effective approach to exploration in reinforcement learning is to rely on an agent's uncertainty over the optimal policy, which can yield near-optimal exploration strategies in tabular settings. However, in non-tabular settings that…

We propose a new method to study the internal memory used by reinforcement learning policies. We estimate the amount of relevant past information by estimating mutual information between behavior histories and the current action of an…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2016-11-22 Christoph Dann , Katja Hofmann , Sebastian Nowozin

We present a computational framework for synthesis of distributed control strategies for a heterogeneous team of robots in a partially observable environment. The goal is to cooperatively satisfy specifications given as Truncated Linear…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2022-04-07 Ningyuan Zhang , Wenliang Liu , Calin Belta

Recent neural models of dialogue generation offer great promise for generating responses for conversational agents, but tend to be shortsighted, predicting utterances one at a time while ignoring their influence on future outcomes. Modeling…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2016-09-30 Jiwei Li , Will Monroe , Alan Ritter , Michel Galley , Jianfeng Gao , Dan Jurafsky

Verifiers have been demonstrated to enhance LLM reasoning via test-time scaling (TTS). Yet, they face significant challenges in complex domains. Error propagation from incorrect intermediate reasoning can lead to false positives for…

Experience replay enables off-policy reinforcement learning (RL) agents to utilize past experiences to maximize the cumulative reward. Prioritized experience replay that weighs experiences by the magnitude of their temporal-difference error…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-02-08 Ang A. Li , Zongqing Lu , Chenglin Miao

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is known to be often unsuccessful in environments with sparse extrinsic rewards. A possible countermeasure is to endow RL agents with an intrinsic reward function, or 'intrinsic motivation', which rewards the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-07-16 Francesco Massari , Martin Biehl , Lisa Meeden , Ryota Kanai

Designing dense rewards is crucial for reinforcement learning (RL), yet in robotics it often demands extensive manual effort and lacks scalability. One promising solution is to view task progress as a dense reward signal, as it quantifies…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-21 Yuyang Liu , Chuan Wen , Yihang Hu , Dinesh Jayaraman , Yang Gao

Present bias, the tendency to overvalue immediate rewards while undervaluing future ones, is a well-known barrier to achieving long-term goals. As artificial intelligence and behavioral economics increasingly focus on this phenomenon, the…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2024-09-18 Yasunori Akagi , Hideaki Kim , Takeshi Kurashima

Tasks with complex temporal structures and long horizons pose a challenge for reinforcement learning agents due to the difficulty in specifying the tasks in terms of reward functions as well as large variances in the learning signals. We…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2018-09-27 Xiao Li , Yao Ma , Calin Belta

Transfer learning is an important new subfield of multiagent reinforcement learning that aims to help an agent learn about a problem by using knowledge that it has gained solving another problem, or by using knowledge that is communicated…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2020-02-10 Cameron Reid

In order for humans to confidently decide where to employ RL agents for real-world tasks, a human developer must validate that the agent will perform well at test-time. Some policy interpretability methods facilitate this by capturing the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-03-22 Julius Frost , Olivia Watkins , Eric Weiner , Pieter Abbeel , Trevor Darrell , Bryan Plummer , Kate Saenko

This paper investigates the use of intrinsic reward to guide exploration in multi-agent reinforcement learning. We discuss the challenges in applying intrinsic reward to multiple collaborative agents and demonstrate how unreliable reward…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2019-06-06 Wendelin Böhmer , Tabish Rashid , Shimon Whiteson

Despite rapid development, large language models (LLMs) still encounter challenges in multi-turn decision-making tasks (i.e., agent tasks) like web shopping and browser navigation, which require making a sequence of intelligent decisions…

Reinforcement learning problems are often described through rewards that indicate if an agent has completed some task. This specification can yield desirable behavior, however many problems are difficult to specify in this manner, as one…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2016-08-15 Ashley Edwards , Charles Isbell , Atsuo Takanishi

This paper presents an approach for accelerated learning of optimal plans for a given task represented using Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) in multi-agent systems. Given a set of options (temporally abstract actions) available to each agent,…

多智能体系统 · 计算机科学 2025-10-29 Nishant Doshi