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Runtime verification is a computing analysis paradigm based on observing a system at runtime (to check its expected behaviour) by means of monitors generated from formal specifications. Distributed runtime verification is runtime…

Runtime verification is a lightweight verification technique that complements model checking by analyzing system executions at runtime rather than exploring a complete system model in advance. It is particularly useful for partially…

The use of virtualization technologies in different contexts - such as Cloud Environments, Internet of Things (IoT), Software Defined Networking (SDN) - has rapidly increased during the last years. Among these technologies, container-based…

The incredible growth of sensors and microcontroller units makes the task of real-time event monitoring in the Internet of Things (IoT) based applications easier and more practical. In order to effectively support the event management in…

As cloud computing continues to advance and become an integral part of modern IT infrastructure, container security has emerged as a critical factor in ensuring the smooth operation of cloud-native applications. An attacker can attack the…

Runtime Monitoring is a lightweight and dynamic verification technique that involves observing the internal operations of a software system and/or its interactions with other external entities, with the aim of determining whether the system…

Runtime Verification is a lightweight formal verification technique. It is used to verify at runtime whether the system under analysis behaves as expected. The expected behaviour is usually formally specified by means of properties, which…

Autonomous and robotic systems are increasingly being trusted with sensitive activities with potentially serious consequences if that trust is broken. Runtime verification techniques present a natural source of inspiration for monitoring…

Software bugs in cloud management systems often cause erratic behavior, hindering detection, and recovery of failures. As a consequence, the failures are not timely detected and notified, and can silently propagate through the system. To…

Industrial Control Systems (ICS) are often built from geographically distributed components and often use programmable logic controllers for localized processes. Since verification of such systems is challenging because of both time…

Containerization is a virtualization technique that allows one to create and run executables consistently on any infrastructure. Compared to virtual machines, containers are lighter since they do not bundle a (guest) operating system but…

Formal verification provides strong safety guarantees but only for models of cyber-physical systems. Hybrid system models describe the required interplay of computation and physical dynamics, which is crucial to guarantee what computations…

Fault injections are increasingly used to attack/test secure applications. In this paper, we define formal models of runtime monitors that can detect fault injections that result in test inversion attacks and arbitrary jumps in the control…

Runtime verification is an area of formal methods that studies the dynamic analysis of execution traces against formal specifications. Typically, the two main activities in runtime verification efforts are the process of creating monitors…

Today, more and more embedded devices are being connected through a network, generally Internet, offering users different services. This concept refers to Internet of Things (IoT), bringing information and control capabilities in many…

With the growing need for automation and the ongoing merge of OT and IT, industrial networks have to transport a high amount of heterogeneous data with mixed criticality such as control traffic, sensor data, and configuration messages.…

Runtime verification is checking whether a system execution satisfies or violates a given correctness property. A procedure that automatically, and typically on the fly, verifies conformance of the system's behavior to the specified…

Containers are an emerging technology that hold promise for improving productivity and code portability in scientific computing. We examine Linux container technology for the distribution of a non-trivial scientific computing software stack…

We study the problem of monitoring distributed systems where computers communicate using message passing and share an almost synchronized clock. This is a realistic scenario for networks where the speed of the monitoring is sufficiently…

Over the past two decades, the cloud computing paradigm has gradually attracted more popularity due to its efficient resource usage and simple service access model. Virtualization technology is the fundamental element of cloud computing…