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We present EHRMIND, a practical recipe for adapting large language models (LLMs) to complex clinical reasoning tasks using reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR). While RLVR has succeeded in mathematics and coding, its…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-02 Jiacheng Lin , Zhenbang Wu , Jimeng Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained prominence in various applications, including security. This paper explores the utility of LLMs in scam detection, a critical aspect of cybersecurity. Unlike traditional applications, we propose a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-02-06 Liming Jiang

While safety-aligned large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as the cornerstone for powerful systems such as multi-agent frameworks to solve complex real-world problems, they still suffer from potential adversarial queries, such…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-01-03 Miao Yu , Junfeng Fang , Yingjie Zhou , Xing Fan , Kun Wang , Shirui Pan , Qingsong Wen

The rising use of Large Language Models (LLMs) to create and disseminate malware poses a significant cybersecurity challenge due to their ability to generate and distribute attacks with ease. A single prompt can initiate a wide array of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-09-13 Jamal Al-Karaki , Muhammad Al-Zafar Khan , Marwan Omar

Traditionally, security systems for enterprises have implicit access based on strong cryptography, authentication and key sharing, wherein access control is based on Role Based Access Control (RBAC), in which roles such as manager,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-03-18 Nitesh Kumar , Gaurav S. Kasbekar , D. Manjunath

Large Language Models (LLMs) are highly effective for cybersecurity question answering (QA) but are difficult to deploy on edge devices due to their size. Quantization reduces memory and compute requirements but often degrades accuracy and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-26 Onat Gungor , Roshan Sood , Jiasheng Zhou , Tajana Rosing

Software vulnerabilities, caused by unintentional flaws in source code, are a primary root cause of cyberattacks. Static analysis of source code has been widely used to detect these unintentional defects introduced by software developers.…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-08-08 Andrew A Mahyari

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly facilitated human life, and prompt engineering has improved the efficiency of these models. However, recent years have witnessed a rise in prompt engineering-empowered attacks, leading to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-02-03 Haiyang Huang , Tianhui Meng , Weijia Jia

Many different machine learning and deep learning techniques have been successfully employed for malware detection and classification. Examples of popular learning techniques in the malware domain include Hidden Markov Models (HMM), Random…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-07-21 Ritik Mehta , Olha Jurečková , Mark Stamp

Large Language Model (LLM) agents can automate cybersecurity tasks and can adapt to the evolving cybersecurity landscape without re-engineering. While LLM agents have demonstrated cybersecurity capabilities on Capture-The-Flag (CTF)…

The agency expected of Agentic Large Language Models goes beyond answering correctly, requiring autonomy to set goals and decide what to explore. We term this investigatory intelligence, distinguishing it from executional intelligence,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Wei Liu , Peijie Yu , Michele Orini , Yali Du , Yulan He

Backdoor attacks pose a serious threat to the security of large language models (LLMs), causing them to exhibit anomalous behavior under specific trigger conditions. The design of backdoor triggers has evolved from fixed triggers to dynamic…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-15 Haotian Jin , Yang Li , Haihui Fan , Lin Shen , Xiangfang Li , Bo Li

Robots need task planning methods to achieve goals that require more than individual actions. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in task planning. LLMs can generate a step-by-step solution using…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Mohaiminul Al Nahian , Zainab Altaweel , David Reitano , Sabbir Ahmed , Shiqi Zhang , Adnan Siraj Rakin

Network device and system health management is the foundation of modern network operations and maintenance. Traditional health management methods, relying on expert identification or simple rule-based algorithms, struggle to cope with the…

网络与互联网体系结构 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Fengxiao Tang , Xiaonan Wang , Xun Yuan , Linfeng Luo , Ming Zhao , Tianchi Huang , Nei Kato

Despite their growing adoption across domains, large language model (LLM)-powered agents face significant security risks from backdoor attacks during training and fine-tuning. These compromised agents can subsequently be manipulated to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-12 Li Changjiang , Liang Jiacheng , Cao Bochuan , Chen Jinghui , Wang Ting

Rule-based IDS (intrusion detection systems) are being replaced by more robust neural IDS, which demonstrate great potential in the field of Cybersecurity. However, these ML approaches continue to rely on ad-hoc feature engineering…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-08-30 Andrew Golczynski , John A. Emanuello

Large language models (LLMs) offer promising opportunities for organizational research. However, their built-in moderation systems can create problems when researchers try to analyze harmful content, often refusing to follow certain…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-23 Mustafa Akben , Aaron Satko

Large Language Models (LLMs), characterized by being trained on broad amounts of data in a self-supervised manner, have shown impressive performance across a wide range of tasks. Indeed, their generative abilities have aroused interest on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-30 Jorge García-Carrasco , Alejandro Maté , Juan Trujillo

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized how users access information, shifting from traditional search engines to direct question-and-answer interactions with LLMs. However, the widespread adoption of LLMs has…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-23 Weihang Su , Yichen Tang , Qingyao Ai , Changyue Wang , Zhijing Wu , Yiqun Liu

Change detection is a fundamental task in computer vision that processes a bi-temporal image pair to differentiate between semantically altered and unaltered regions. Large language models (LLMs) have been utilized in various domains for…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-06-14 Zhenglin Li , Yangchen Huang , Mengran Zhu , Jingyu Zhang , JingHao Chang , Houze Liu