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The evolution of large language models (LLMs) towards applications with ultra-long contexts faces challenges posed by the high computational and memory costs of the Transformer architecture. While existing sparse and linear attention…

Modern multimodal large language models (MLLMs) adopt a unified self-attention design that processes visual and textual tokens at every Transformer layer, incurring substantial computational overhead. In this work, we revisit the necessity…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Wenjie Liu , Hao Wu , Xin Qiu , Xudong Wang , Yingqi Fan , Yihan Zhang , Anhao Zhao , Yunpu Ma , Xiaoyu Shen

LLMs have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in understanding tasks but continue to struggle with long-context comprehension, particularly with content located in the middle of extensive inputs. This limitation, known as the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-03 James Begin , Namit Agrawal , Eshan Singh , Yicheng Fu , Sean O'Brien , Vasu Sharma , Kevin Zhu

Despite the success of Large Language Models (LLMs) in table understanding, their internal mechanisms remain unclear. In this paper, we conduct an empirical study on 16 LLMs, covering general LLMs, specialist tabular LLMs, and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Jia Wang , Chuanyu Qin , Mingyu Zheng , Qingyi Si , Peize Li , Zheng Lin

Autoregressive Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance in language understanding and generation. However, their application in text embedding tasks has been relatively slow, along with the analysis of their semantic…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-03 Zhaoxin Feng , Jianfei Ma , Emmanuele Chersoni , Xiaojing Zhao , Xiaoyi Bao

Although Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have made substantial progress, hallucination, where generated text is not grounded in the visual input, remains a challenge. As LVLMs become stronger, previously reported hallucination…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 April Fu

This study investigates small-scale pretraining for Small Language Models (SLMs) to enable efficient use of limited data and compute, improve accessibility in low-resource settings and reduce costs. To enhance long-context extrapolation in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-01 Ruizhe Huang , Kexuan Zhang , Yihao Fang , Baifeng Yu

Modern foundation models such as large language models (LLMs) and large multi-modal models (LMMs) require a massive amount of computational and memory resources. We propose a new framework to convert such LLMs/LMMs into a reduced-dimension…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Toshiaki Koike-Akino , Xiangyu Chen , Jing Liu , Ye Wang , Pu , Wang , Matthew Brand

Fine-tuning on task-specific question-answer pairs is a predominant method for enhancing the performance of instruction-tuned large language models (LLMs) on downstream tasks. However, in certain specialized domains, such as healthcare or…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-18 Shuyang Jiang , Yusheng Liao , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang , Yu Wang

Transformers have had tremendous impact for several sequence related tasks, largely due to their ability to retrieve from any part of the sequence via softmax based dot-product attention. This mechanism plays a crucial role in Transformer's…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-15 Sai Surya Duvvuri , Inderjit S. Dhillon

This paper proposes a novel learning to learn method, called learning to learn iterative search algorithm (LISA), for signal detection in a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system. The idea is to regard the signal detection problem as a…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2020-07-23 Jianyong Sun , Yiqing Zhang , Jiang Xue , Zongben Xu

In large language models built upon the Transformer architecture, recent studies have shown that inter-head interaction can enhance attention performance. Motivated by this, we propose Multi-head Explicit Attention (MEA), a simple yet…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-28 Runyu Peng , Yunhua Zhou , Demin Song , Kai Lv , Bo Wang , Qipeng Guo , Xipeng Qiu

Vision Language Models (VLMs) face challenges in effectively coordinating diverse attention mechanisms for cross-modal embedding learning, leading to mismatched attention and suboptimal performance. We propose Consistent Cross-layer…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-08-05 Yifan Wang , Hongfeng Ai , Quangao Liu , Maowei Jiang , Ruiyuan Kang , Ruiqi Li , Jiahua Dong , Mengting Xiao , Cheng Jiang , Chenzhong Li

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) excel in natural language processing tasks by capturing long-range dependencies through self-attention mechanisms. However, long-context modeling faces significant computational inefficiencies…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-15 Shuhai Zhang , Zeng You , Yaofo Chen , Zhiquan Wen , Qianyue Wang , Zhijie Qiu , Yuanqing Li , Mingkui Tan

We propose Hymba, a family of small language models featuring a hybrid-head parallel architecture that integrates transformer attention mechanisms with state space models (SSMs) for enhanced efficiency. Attention heads provide…

The capabilities of large language models (LLMs) are widely regarded as relying on autoregressive models (ARMs). We challenge this notion by introducing LLaDA, a diffusion model trained from scratch under the pre-training and supervised…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Shen Nie , Fengqi Zhu , Zebin You , Xiaolu Zhang , Jingyang Ou , Jun Hu , Jun Zhou , Yankai Lin , Ji-Rong Wen , Chongxuan Li

The rapid evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly impacted the field of natural language processing, but their growing complexity raises concerns about resource usage and transparency. Addressing these challenges, we…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-13 Gyuwon Park , DongIl Shin , SolGil Oh , SangGi Ryu , Byung-Hak Kim

The fast-growing large scale language models are delivering unprecedented performance on almost all natural language processing tasks. However, the effectiveness of large language models are reliant on an exponentially increasing number of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-08 Longwei Zou , Qingyang Wang , Han Zhao , Jiangang Kong , Yi Yang , Yangdong Deng

Linearizing pretrained large language models (LLMs) primarily relies on intra-layer hybrid attention mechanisms to alleviate the quadratic complexity of standard softmax attention. Existing methods perform token routing based on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Weikang Meng , Liangyu Huo , Yadan Luo , Jiawen Guan , Jingyi Zhang , Yingjian Li , Zheng Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are known for their expensive and time-consuming training. Thus, oftentimes, LLMs are fine-tuned to address a specific task, given the pretrained weights of a pre-trained LLM considered a foundation model. In…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-05 Eshed Gal , Moshe Eliasof , Javier Turek , Uri Ascher , Eran Treister , Eldad Haber