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General-purpose large language models (LLMs) that rely on in-context learning do not reliably deliver the scientific understanding and performance required for drug discovery tasks. Simply increasing model size or introducing reasoning…

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized Natural Language Processing (NLP), but their size creates computational bottlenecks. We introduce a novel approach to create accurate, sparse foundational versions of performant LLMs that…

Large Language Models are traditionally finetuned on large instruction datasets. However recent studies suggest that small, high-quality datasets can suffice for general purpose instruction following. This lack of consensus surrounding…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-29 Aditi Jha , Sam Havens , Jeremy Dohmann , Alex Trott , Jacob Portes

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have shown promise for scalable educational applications, but their use in dialog-based tutoring systems remains challenging due to the need for effective pedagogical strategies and the high…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-28 Menna Fateen , Tsunenori Mine

We explore optimally training protein language models, an area of significant interest in biological research where guidance on best practices is limited. Most models are trained with extensive compute resources until performance gains…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-05 Xingyi Cheng , Bo Chen , Pan Li , Jing Gong , Jie Tang , Le Song

Adapting general large language models (LLMs) to specialized domains presents great challenges due to varied data distributions. This adaptation typically requires continual pre-training on massive domain-specific corpora to facilitate…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-16 Jinhao Jiang , Junyi Li , Wayne Xin Zhao , Yang Song , Tao Zhang , Ji-Rong Wen

While large language models (LLMs) dominate the AI landscape, Small-scale large Language Models (SLMs) are gaining attention due to cost and efficiency demands from consumers. However, there is limited research on the training behavior and…

The memory challenges associated with training Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a critical concern, particularly when using the Adam optimizer. To address this issue, numerous memory-efficient techniques have been proposed, with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-12 Yiming Chen , Yuan Zhang , Yin Liu , Kun Yuan , Zaiwen Wen

Dramatic increases in the capabilities of neural network models in recent years are driven by scaling model size, training data, and corresponding computational resources. To develop the exceedingly large networks required in modern…

While scaling laws have been continuously validated in large language models (LLMs) with increasing model parameters, the inherent tension between the inference demands of LLMs and the limited resources of edge devices poses a critical…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance due to their large parameter counts and extensive training data. However, their scale leads to significant memory bottlenecks during training, especially when using…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Ziqing Wen , Jiahuan Wang , Ping Luo , Dongsheng Li , Tao Sun

Context: In the fast-paced evolution of software development, Large Language Models (LLMs) have become indispensable tools for tasks such as code generation, completion, analysis, and bug fixing. Ensuring the robustness of these models…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Yang Liu , Armstrong Foundjem , Xingfang Wu , Heng Li , Foutse Khomh

Large language models (LLMs) rely on pretraining on massive and heterogeneous corpora, where training data composition has a decisive impact on training efficiency and downstream generalization under realistic compute and data budget…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Zhuo Chen , Yuxuan Miao , Supryadi , Deyi Xiong

Large language models (LLMs) show strong potential for neural architecture generation, yet existing approaches produce complete model implementations from scratch -- computationally expensive and yielding verbose code. We propose Delta-Code…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-07 Santosh Premi Adhikari , Radu Timofte , Dmitry Ignatov

Training Large Language Models (LLMs) presents significant memory challenges, predominantly due to the growing size of weights and optimizer states. Common memory-reduction approaches, such as low-rank adaptation (LoRA), add a trainable…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-04 Jiawei Zhao , Zhenyu Zhang , Beidi Chen , Zhangyang Wang , Anima Anandkumar , Yuandong Tian

This paper presents a novel method for utilizing fine-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) to minimize data requirements in load profile analysis, demonstrated through the restoration of missing data in power system load profiles. A two-stage…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-05 Yi Hu , Hyeonjin Kim , Kai Ye , Ning Lu

Large language models (LLMs) show best-in-class performance across a wide range of natural language processing applications. Training these models is an extremely computationally expensive task; frontier Artificial Intelligence (AI)…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Alexander Interrante-Grant , Carla Varela-Rosa , Suhaas Narayan , Chris Connelly , Albert Reuther

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are frequently updated, LoRA weights trained on earlier versions quickly become obsolete. The conventional practice of retraining LoRA weights from scratch on the latest model is costly, time-consuming, and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-21 Yanan Li , Fanxu Meng , Muhan Zhang , Shiai Zhu , Shangguang Wang , Mengwei Xu

Open-source Large Language models (OsLLMs) propel the democratization of natural language research by giving the flexibility to augment or update model parameters for performance improvement. Nevertheless, like proprietary LLMs, Os-LLMs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-16 Arijit Nag , Soumen Chakrabarti , Animesh Mukherjee , Niloy Ganguly

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding and generation. However, their immense number of parameters and complex transformer-based architectures result in significant resource…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2026-04-15 Tianhao Tang , Haoyang Li , Lei Chen