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Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) are a popular method for decomposing Large Langage Models (LLM) activations into interpretable latents. However, due to their substantial training cost, most academic research uses open-source SAEs which are only…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-13 Patrick Leask , Neel Nanda , Noura Al Moubayed

While sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have generated significant excitement, a series of negative results have added to skepticism about their usefulness. Here, we establish a conceptual distinction that reconciles competing narratives…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 Kenny Peng , Rajiv Movva , Jon Kleinberg , Emma Pierson , Nikhil Garg

Adapter-based methods have become a cost-effective approach to continual learning (CL) for Large Language Models (LLMs), by sequentially learning a low-rank update matrix for each task. To mitigate catastrophic forgetting, state-of-the-art…

Large language models (LLMs) are now ubiquitous in user-facing applications, yet they still generate undesirable toxic outputs, including profanity, vulgarity, and derogatory remarks. Although numerous detoxification methods exist, most…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-24 Agam Goyal , Vedant Rathi , William Yeh , Yian Wang , Yuen Chen , Hari Sundaram

Improving Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) requires benchmarks that can precisely validate architectural innovations. However, current SAE benchmarks on LLMs are often too noisy to differentiate architectural improvements, and current synthetic…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 David Chanin , Adrià Garriga-Alonso

We present the first systematic study of Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) on video representations. Standard SAEs decompose video into interpretable, monosemantic features but destroy temporal coherence: hard TopK selection produces unstable…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-07 Atahan Dokme , Sriram Vishwanath

Determining company similarity is a vital task in finance, underpinning risk management, hedging, and portfolio diversification. Practitioners often rely on sector and industry classifications such as SIC and GICS codes to gauge similarity,…

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have emerged as a powerful tool for interpreting neural networks by extracting the concepts represented in their activations. However, choosing the size of the SAE dictionary (i.e. number of learned concepts)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-25 Bart Bussmann , Noa Nabeshima , Adam Karvonen , Neel Nanda

Large Language Model (LLM) deployment requires guiding the LLM to recognize and not answer unsafe prompts while complying with safe prompts. Previous methods for achieving this require adjusting model weights along with other expensive…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Samaksh Bhargav , Zining Zhu

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) operationalise the linear representation hypothesis: they reconstruct model activations as sparse linear combinations of interpretable dictionary atoms, on the implicit assumption that activation space is well…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Eslam Zaher , Maciej Trzaskowski , Quan Nguyen , Fred Roosta

In this paper we propose Structuring AutoEncoders (SAE). SAEs are neural networks which learn a low dimensional representation of data which are additionally enriched with a desired structure in this low dimensional space. While traditional…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-08-20 Marco Rudolph , Bastian Wandt , Bodo Rosenhahn

The Transformer architecture, despite its widespread success, struggles with long-context scenarios due to quadratic computation and linear memory growth. While various linear attention variants mitigate these efficiency constraints by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-02 Yuqi Pan , Yongqi An , Zheng Li , Yuhong Chou , Ruijie Zhu , Xiaohui Wang , Mingxuan Wang , Jinqiao Wang , Guoqi Li

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have become a central tool for interpreting language models. However, two key SAE analyses that remain difficult to scale are (1) matching semantically similar features across multi-layers and (2) compressing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Tue M. Cao , Nguyen Do , My T. Thai

Understanding the internal representations of large language models is crucial for ensuring their reliability and safety, with sparse autoencoders (SAEs) emerging as a promising interpretability approach. However, current SAE training…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-13 T. Ed Li , Junyu Ren

Large language models have achieved remarkable capabilities across diverse tasks, yet their internal decision-making processes remain largely opaque, limiting our ability to inspect, control, and systematically improve them. This opacity…

Exploiting activation sparsity is a promising approach to significantly accelerating the inference process of large language models (LLMs) without compromising performance. However, activation sparsity is determined by activation functions,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-12 Yixin Song , Haotong Xie , Zhengyan Zhang , Bo Wen , Li Ma , Zeyu Mi , Haibo Chen

Sensitive directions experiments attempt to understand the computational features of Language Models (LMs) by measuring how much the next token prediction probabilities change by perturbing activations along specific directions. We extend…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-19 Daniel J. Lee , Stefan Heimersheim

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in real-world applications, the need to selectively remove unwanted knowledge while preserving model utility has become paramount. Recent work has explored sparse autoencoders (SAEs)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Tomer Ashuach , Dana Arad , Aaron Mueller , Martin Tutek , Yonatan Belinkov

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) are used to disentangle the dense, polysemantic internal representations of large language models (LLMs) into interpretable, monosemantic concepts. However, standard $\ell_1$-regularized SAEs suffer from feature…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Faris Chaudhry , Keisuke Yano , Anthea Monod

While sparse autoencoders (SAEs) successfully extract interpretable features from language models, applying them to audio generation faces unique challenges: audio's dense nature requires compression that obscures semantic meaning, and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-31 Nathan Paek , Yongyi Zang , Qihui Yang , Randal Leistikow
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