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Assessing fairness in artificial intelligence (AI) typically involves AI experts who select protected features, fairness metrics, and set fairness thresholds to assess outcome fairness. However, little is known about how stakeholders,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-27 Lin Luo , Yuri Nakao , Mathieu Chollet , Hiroya Inakoshi , Simone Stumpf

The increasing use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in critical societal domains has amplified concerns about fairness, particularly regarding unequal treatment across sensitive attributes such as race, gender, and socioeconomic status.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-09 Munshi Mahbubur Rahman , Shimei Pan , James R. Foulds

AI systems are increasingly used in high-stakes domains such as credit rating, where fairness concerns are critical. Existing fairness assessments are typically conducted by AI experts or regulators using predefined protected attributes and…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Lin Luo , Satwik Ghanta , Yuri Nakao , Mathieu Chollet , Simone Stumpf

Fairness is a growing concern for high-risk decision-making using Artificial Intelligence (AI) but ensuring it through purely technical means is challenging: there is no universally accepted fairness measure, fairness is context-dependent,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-10-07 Evdoxia Taka , Yuri Nakao , Ryosuke Sonoda , Takuya Yokota , Lin Luo , Simone Stumpf

Reaching consensus on a commonly accepted definition of AI Fairness has long been a central challenge in AI ethics and governance. There is a broad spectrum of views across society on what the concept of fairness means and how it should…

Recent work in fair machine learning has proposed dozens of technical definitions of algorithmic fairness and methods for enforcing these definitions. However, we still lack an understanding of how to develop machine learning systems with…

Today, AI is increasingly being used in many high-stakes decision-making applications in which fairness is an important concern. Already, there are many examples of AI being biased and making questionable and unfair decisions. The AI…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2020-02-06 Yunfeng Zhang , Rachel K. E. Bellamy , Kush R. Varshney

Fairness in AI-driven decision-making systems has become a critical concern, especially when these systems directly affect human lives. This paper explores the public's comprehension of fairness in healthcare recommendations. We conducted a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-09-10 Veronica Kecki , Alan Said

Predictive artificial intelligence (AI) offers an opportunity to improve clinical practice and patient outcomes, but risks perpetuating biases if fairness is inadequately addressed. However, the definition of "fairness" remains unclear. We…

Despite conflicting definitions and conceptions of fairness, AI fairness researchers broadly agree that fairness is context-specific. However, when faced with general-purpose AI, which by definition serves a range of contexts, how should we…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-10-08 Vyoma Raman , Judy Hanwen Shen , Andy K. Zhang , Lindsey Gailmard , Rishi Bommasani , Daniel E. Ho , Angelina Wang

Artificial Intelligence (AI) models are now being utilized in all facets of our lives such as healthcare, education and employment. Since they are used in numerous sensitive environments and make decisions that can be life altering,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-03-27 Tahsin Alamgir Kheya , Mohamed Reda Bouadjenek , Sunil Aryal

The potential risk of AI systems unintentionally embedding and reproducing bias has attracted the attention of machine learning practitioners and society at large. As policy makers are willing to set the standards of algorithms and AI…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2020-03-17 Boris Ruf , Chaouki Boutharouite , Marcin Detyniecki

This paper summarizes and evaluates various approaches, methods, and techniques for pursuing fairness in artificial intelligence (AI) systems. It examines the merits and shortcomings of these measures and proposes practical guidelines for…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2022-07-21 Arash Bateni , Matthew C. Chan , Ray Eitel-Porter

Fairness is one of the most commonly identified ethical principles in existing AI guidelines, and the development of fair AI-enabled systems is required by new and emerging AI regulation. But most approaches to addressing the fairness of…

Defining fairness in AI remains a persistent challenge, largely due to its deeply context-dependent nature and the lack of a universal definition. While numerous mathematical formulations of fairness exist, they sometimes conflict with one…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-05-05 Kessia Nepomuceno , Fabio Petrillo

Recent regulatory proposals for artificial intelligence emphasize fairness requirements for machine learning models. However, precisely defining the appropriate measure of fairness is challenging due to philosophical, cultural and political…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-19 Caleb J. S. Barr , Olivia Erdelyi , Paul D. Docherty , Randolph C. Grace

Decisions made by various Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems greatly influence our day-to-day lives. With the increasing use of AI systems, it becomes crucial to know that they are fair, identify the underlying biases in their…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2022-03-15 Avinash Agarwal , Harsh Agarwal , Nihaarika Agarwal

Algorithmic fairness has emerged as a critical concern in artificial intelligence (AI) research. However, the development of fair AI systems is not an objective process. Fairness is an inherently subjective concept, shaped by the values,…

Fairness is a concept of justice. Various definitions exist, some of them conflicting with each other. In the absence of an uniformly accepted notion of fairness, choosing the right kind for a specific situation has always been a central…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-10-01 Boris Ruf , Marcin Detyniecki

Machine learning algorithms are being used in high-stakes decisions, including those in criminal justice, healthcare, credit, and employment. The research community has responded with two largely independent research fields:…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Gideon Popoola , John Sheppard
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