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Artificial intelligence now outperforms humans in several scientific and engineering tasks, yet its internal representations often remain opaque. In this Perspective, we argue that explainable artificial intelligence (XAI), combined with…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 Ricardo Vinuesa , Steven L. Brunton , Gianmarco Mengaldo

The rising use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in human detection on Edge camera systems has led to accurate but complex models, challenging to interpret and debug. Our research presents a diagnostic method using Explainable AI (XAI) for…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-01-19 Truong Thanh Hung Nguyen , Vo Thanh Khang Nguyen , Quoc Hung Cao , Van Binh Truong , Quoc Khanh Nguyen , Hung Cao

The remarkable advancements in Deep Learning (DL) algorithms have fueled enthusiasm for using Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies in almost every domain; however, the opaqueness of these algorithms put a question mark on their…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-01-12 F. Hussain , R. Hussain , E. Hossain

The surge in black-box AI models has prompted the need to explain the internal mechanism and justify their reliability, especially in high-stakes applications, such as healthcare and autonomous driving. Due to the lack of a rigorous…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-03-18 Yongjie Wang , Tong Zhang , Xu Guo , Zhiqi Shen

The use of wearables in medicine and wellness, enabled by AI-based models, offers tremendous potential for real-time monitoring and interpretable event detection. Explainable AI (XAI) is required to assess what models have learned and build…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-03-16 Maurice Kuschel , Solveig Vieluf , Claus Reinsberger , Tobias Loddenkemper , Tanuj Hasija

Effectively explaining decisions of black-box machine learning models is critical to responsible deployment of AI systems that rely on them. Recognizing their importance, the field of explainable AI (XAI) provides several techniques to…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-07-25 Yao Rong , Peizhu Qian , Vaibhav Unhelkar , Enkelejda Kasneci

The lack of explainability of a decision from an Artificial Intelligence (AI) based "black box" system/model, despite its superiority in many real-world applications, is a key stumbling block for adopting AI in many high stakes applications…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-01-26 Sheikh Rabiul Islam , William Eberle , Sheikh Khaled Ghafoor , Mohiuddin Ahmed

The field of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) aims to uncover the inner workings of complex deep neural models. While being crucial for safety-critical domains, XAI inherently lacks ground-truth explanations, making its automatic…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-08-14 Robin Hesse , Simone Schaub-Meyer , Stefan Roth

We propose and implement an interpretable machine learning classification model for Explainable AI (XAI) based on expressive Boolean formulas. Potential applications include credit scoring and diagnosis of medical conditions. The Boolean…

Explainable AI (XAI) has become increasingly important with the rise of large transformer models, yet many explanation methods designed for CNNs transfer poorly to Vision Transformers (ViTs). Existing ViT explanations often rely on…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-08 Meghna P Ayyar , Jenny Benois-Pineau , Akka Zemmari

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is increasingly rec ognized as essential for deploying machine learning systems in safety critical environments. In Automatic Target Recognition (ATR), where models operate on image, video, radar,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Vanessa Buhrmester , David Muench , Dimitri Bulatov , Michael Arens

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is a rising field in AI. It aims to produce a demonstrative factor of trust, which for human subjects is achieved through communicative means, which Machine Learning (ML) algorithms cannot solely…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-03-09 Jamie Andrew Duell

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have greatly impacted numerous fields over the past decade. Yet despite exhibiting superb performance over many problems, their black-box nature still poses a significant challenge with respect to explainability.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-08-15 Snir Vitrack Tamam , Raz Lapid , Moshe Sipper

Explainable AI (XAI) methods focus on explaining what a neural network has learned - in other words, identifying the features that are the most influential to the prediction. In this paper, we call them "distinguishing features". However,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-04-19 Kaili Wang , Jose Oramas , Tinne Tuytelaars

Modern AI systems frequently rely on opaque black-box models, most notably Deep Neural Networks, whose performance stems from complex architectures with millions of learned parameters. While powerful, their complexity poses a major…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-23 David Dembinsky , Adriano Lucieri , Stanislav Frolov , Hiba Najjar , Ko Watanabe , Andreas Dengel

Given the complexity and lack of transparency in deep neural networks (DNNs), extensive efforts have been made to make these systems more interpretable or explain their behaviors in accessible terms. Unlike most reviews, which focus on…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-01-17 Haoyi Xiong , Xuhong Li , Xiaofei Zhang , Jiamin Chen , Xinhao Sun , Yuchen Li , Zeyi Sun , Mengnan Du

Explainable AI (XAI) techniques are increasingly important for the validation and responsible use of modern deep learning models, but are difficult to evaluate due to the lack of good ground-truth to compare against. We propose a framework…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Amritpal Singh , Andrey Barsky , Mohamed Ali Souibgui , Ernest Valveny , Dimosthenis Karatzas

Research in Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is increasing, aiming to make deep learning models more transparent. Most XAI methods focus on justifying the decisions made by Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems in security-relevant…

The attention mechanism lies at the core of the transformer architecture, providing an interpretable model-internal signal that has motivated a growing interest in attention-based model explanations. Although attention weights do not…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-13 Marte Eggen , Jacob Lysnæs-Larsen , Inga Strümke

A wide variety of fairness metrics and eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) approaches have been proposed in the literature to identify bias in machine learning models that are used in critical real-life contexts. However, merely…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-04-12 Romila Pradhan , Jiongli Zhu , Boris Glavic , Babak Salimi