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This paper explores the problem of simultaneously learning a value function and policy in deep actor-critic reinforcement learning models. We find that the common practice of learning these functions jointly is sub-optimal, due to an…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-11-15 Matthew Aitchison , Penny Sweetser

Q-learning is widely used algorithm in reinforcement learning community. Under the lookup table setting, its convergence is well established. However, its behavior is known to be unstable with the linear function approximation case. This…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-11 Han-Dong Lim , Donghwan Lee

We study the problem of safe offline reinforcement learning (RL), the goal is to learn a policy that maximizes long-term reward while satisfying safety constraints given only offline data, without further interaction with the environment.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-04-11 Haoran Xu , Xianyuan Zhan , Xiangyu Zhu

In reinforcement learning (RL), Q-learning is a fundamental algorithm whose convergence is guaranteed in the tabular setting. However, this convergence guarantee does not hold under linear function approximation. To overcome this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Hyukjun Yang , Han-Dong Lim , Donghwan Lee

State-of-the-art deep Q-learning methods update Q-values using state transition tuples sampled from the experience replay buffer. This strategy often uniformly and randomly samples or prioritizes data sampling based on measures such as the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-28 Zhang-Wei Hong , Tao Chen , Yen-Chen Lin , Joni Pajarinen , Pulkit Agrawal

Model-free deep reinforcement learning (RL) methods have been successful in a wide variety of simulated domains. However, a major obstacle facing deep RL in the real world is their high sample complexity. Batch policy gradient methods offer…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2017-03-01 Shixiang Gu , Timothy Lillicrap , Zoubin Ghahramani , Richard E. Turner , Sergey Levine

Reinforcement learning (RL) has seen great advancements in the past few years. Nevertheless, the consensus among the RL community is that currently used methods, despite all their benefits, suffer from extreme data inefficiency, especially…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-04-01 Kacper Kielak

Temporal difference (TD) learning is a foundational algorithm in reinforcement learning (RL). For nearly forty years, TD learning has served as a workhorse for applied RL as well as a building block for more complex and specialized…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-24 Hwanwoo Kim , Panos Toulis , Eric Laber

This paper presents a comparison between two well-known deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms: Deep Q-Learning (DQN) and Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) in a simulated production system. We utilize a Petri Net (PN)-based simulation…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-06-05 Reuf Kozlica , Stefan Wegenkittl , Simon Hirländer

Deep reinforcement learning (deep RL) has achieved superior performance in complex sequential tasks by learning directly from image input. A deep neural network is used as a function approximator and requires no specific state information.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-12-27 Xi Chen , Caylin Hickey

Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) is well known for being highly sensitive to hyperparameters, requiring practitioners substantial efforts to optimize them for the problem at hand. This also limits the applicability of RL in real-world…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-04 Théo Vincent , Fabian Wahren , Jan Peters , Boris Belousov , Carlo D'Eramo

Compared to on-policy counterparts, off-policy model-free deep reinforcement learning can improve data efficiency by repeatedly using the previously gathered data. However, off-policy learning becomes challenging when the discrepancy…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-09-27 Baturay Saglam , Dogan C. Cicek , Furkan B. Mutlu , Suleyman S. Kozat

Many practical applications of reinforcement learning constrain agents to learn from a fixed batch of data which has already been gathered, without offering further possibility for data collection. In this paper, we demonstrate that due to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-08-13 Scott Fujimoto , David Meger , Doina Precup

We present a novel $l_1$ regularized off-policy convergent TD-learning method (termed RO-TD), which is able to learn sparse representations of value functions with low computational complexity. The algorithmic framework underlying RO-TD…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-06-11 Bo Liu , Sridhar Mahadevan , Ji Liu

Many value-based deep reinforcement learning algorithms rely on target networks - lagged copies of the online network - to stabilize training. While effective, this mechanism introduces a fundamental stability-recency tradeoff: slower…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Leonard S. Pleiss , James Harrison , Maximilian Schiffer

Deep reinforcement learning has been applied more and more widely nowadays, especially in various complex control tasks. Effective exploration for noisy networks is one of the most important issues in deep reinforcement learning. Noisy…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-06-22 Shuai Han , Wenbo Zhou , Jing Liu , Shuai Lü

The variable and unpredictable load demands in hybrid agricultural tractors make it difficult to design optimal rule-based energy management strategies, motivating the use of adaptive, learning-based control. However, existing approaches…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-08-06 Hend Abououf , Sidra Ghayour Bhatti , Qadeer Ahmed

By reusing data throughout training, off-policy deep reinforcement learning algorithms offer improved sample efficiency relative to on-policy approaches. For continuous action spaces, the most popular methods for off-policy learning include…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-01 Jared Markowitz , Jesse Silverberg , Gary Collins

Most existing deep reinforcement learning (DRL) frameworks consider either discrete action space or continuous action space solely. Motivated by applications in computer games, we consider the scenario with discrete-continuous hybrid action…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-10-16 Jiechao Xiong , Qing Wang , Zhuoran Yang , Peng Sun , Lei Han , Yang Zheng , Haobo Fu , Tong Zhang , Ji Liu , Han Liu

One of the fundamental challenges for offline reinforcement learning (RL) is ensuring robustness to data distribution. Whether the data originates from a near-optimal policy or not, we anticipate that an algorithm should demonstrate its…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-18 Xiaohan Hu , Yi Ma , Chenjun Xiao , Yan Zheng , Jianye Hao