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Reinforcement learning with human feedback for aligning large language models (LLMs) trains a reward model typically using ranking loss with comparison pairs.However, the training procedure suffers from an inherent problem: the uncontrolled…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-19 Hang Zhou , Chenglong Wang , Yimin Hu , Tong Xiao , Chunliang Zhang , Jingbo Zhu

Deep learning (DL) has achieved unprecedented success in a variety of tasks. However, DL systems are notoriously difficult to test and debug due to the lack of explainability of DL models and the huge test input space to cover. Generally…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-05-24 Yu Li , Min Li , Qiuxia Lai , Yannan Liu , Qiang Xu

Large language models (LLMs) can perform a wide range of tasks by following natural language instructions, without the necessity of task-specific fine-tuning. Unfortunately, the performance of LLMs is greatly influenced by the quality of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-23 Zhihan Zhang , Shuohang Wang , Wenhao Yu , Yichong Xu , Dan Iter , Qingkai Zeng , Yang Liu , Chenguang Zhu , Meng Jiang

Large Language Models are expressive tools that enable complex tasks of text understanding within Computational Social Science. Their versatility, while beneficial, poses a barrier for establishing standardized best practices within the…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2024-08-05 Anders Giovanni Møller , Luca Maria Aiello

Researchers have successfully applied large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT to reranking in an information retrieval context, but to date, such work has mostly been built on proprietary models hidden behind opaque API endpoints. This…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2023-09-27 Ronak Pradeep , Sahel Sharifymoghaddam , Jimmy Lin

Nowadays, the quality of responses generated by different modern large language models (LLMs) is hard to evaluate and compare automatically. Recent studies suggest and predominantly use LLMs for reference-free evaluation of open-ended…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-03 Ruosen Li , Teerth Patel , Xinya Du

The lack of training data gives rise to the system cold-start problem in recommendation systems, making them struggle to provide effective recommendations. To address this problem, Large Language Models (LLMs) can model recommendation tasks…

We present ReMatch, a framework that leverages the generative strength of MLLMs for multimodal retrieval. Previous approaches treated an MLLM as a simple encoder, ignoring its generative nature, and under-utilising its compositional…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-27 Qianying Liu , Xiao Liang , Zhiqiang Zhang , Zhongfei Qing , Fengfan Zhou , Yibo Chen , Xu Tang , Yao Hu , Paul Henderson

Reranking is a critical stage in contemporary information retrieval (IR) systems, improving the relevance of the user-presented final results by honing initial candidate sets. This paper is a thorough guide to examine the changing reranker…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-12-19 Tejul Pandit , Sakshi Mahendru , Meet Raval , Dhvani Upadhyay

In order to be deployed safely, Large Language Models (LLMs) must be capable of dynamically adapting their behavior based on their level of knowledge and uncertainty associated with specific topics. This adaptive behavior, which we refer to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-04 Alexandre Piché , Aristides Milios , Dzmitry Bahdanau , Chris Pal

A fundamental question in applying In-Context Learning (ICL) for tabular data classification is how to determine the ideal number of demonstrations in the prompt. This work addresses this challenge by presenting an algorithm to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-26 Shuchu Han , Wolfgang Bruckner

Approaches for compressing large-language models using low-rank decomposition have made strides, particularly with the introduction of activation and loss-aware SVD, which improves the trade-off between decomposition rank and downstream…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-17 Sidhant Sundrani , Francesco Tudisco , Pasquale Minervini

Large Language Model (LLM) pre-training exhausts an ever growing compute budget, yet recent research has demonstrated that careful document selection enables comparable model quality with only a fraction of the FLOPs. Inspired by efforts…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-10 Xiang Kong , Tom Gunter , Ruoming Pang

The development of Large Language Models (LLMs) relies on extensive text corpora, which are often unevenly distributed across languages. This imbalance results in LLMs performing significantly better on high-resource languages like English,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-12 Zihao Li , Yucheng Shi , Zirui Liu , Fan Yang , Ali Payani , Ninghao Liu , Mengnan Du

In-context learning (ICL) with dynamically selected demonstrations combines the flexibility of prompting large language models (LLMs) with the ability to leverage training data to improve performance. While ICL has been highly successful…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Shivanshu Gupta , Sameer Singh , Ashish Sabharwal , Tushar Khot , Ben Bogin

Pre-trained large language models (LLM) have emerged as a powerful tool for simulating various scenarios and generating output given specific instructions and multimodal input. In this work, we analyze the specific use of LLM to enhance a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-10 Yuhang Wu , Yingfei Wang , Chu Wang , Zeyu Zheng

Recommender systems usually rely on large-scale interaction data to learn from users' past behaviors and make accurate predictions. However, real-world applications often face situations where no training data is available, such as when…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-12-16 Genki Kusano , Kenya Abe , Kunihiro Takeoka

Validating Large Language Models with ReLM explores the application of formal languages to evaluate and control Large Language Models (LLMs) for memorization, bias, and zero-shot performance. Current approaches for evaluating these types…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-18 Reece Adamson , Erin Song

Parameter-efficient methods like LoRA have revolutionised large language model (LLM) fine-tuning. ReLoRA extends this idea to pretraining by repeatedly merging and reinitialising low-rank adapters, increasing cumulative rank while keeping…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-03 Yuval Weiss , David Demitri Africa , Paula Buttery , Richard Diehl Martinez

Benchmarks establish a standardized evaluation framework to systematically assess the performance of large language models (LLMs), facilitating objective comparisons and driving advancements in the field. However, existing benchmarks fail…