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As long-context language modeling becomes increasingly important, the cost of maintaining and attending to large Key/Value (KV) caches grows rapidly, becoming a major bottleneck in both training and inference. While prior works such as…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-25 Dong Liu , Yanxuan Yu , Ben Lengerich , Ying Nian Wu

Transformers have improved the state-of-the-art across numerous tasks in sequence modeling. Besides the quadratic computational and memory complexity w.r.t the sequence length, the self-attention mechanism only processes information at the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-08-12 Yao Zhang , Yunpu Ma , Thomas Seidl , Volker Tresp

The self-attention mechanism, while foundational to modern Transformer architectures, suffers from a critical inefficiency: it frequently allocates substantial attention to redundant or noisy context. Differential Attention addressed this…

Multi-Head Attention (MHA) is a key component of Transformer. In MHA, attention heads work independently, causing problems such as low-rank bottleneck of attention score matrices and head redundancy. We propose Dynamically Composable…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-05 Da Xiao , Qingye Meng , Shengping Li , Xingyuan Yuan

The quadratic computational complexity of MultiHead SelfAttention (MHSA) remains a fundamental bottleneck in scaling Large Language Models (LLMs) for longcontext tasks. While sparse and linearized attention mechanisms attempt to mitigate…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-19 Caner Erden

Multi-Head Attention (MHA) is the core computational primitive underlying modern Large Language Models (LLMs). However, MHA suffers from a fundamental linear scaling limitation: $H$ attention heads produce exactly $H$ independent attention…

Deploying Vision-Language Models (VLMs) on edge devices is challenged by resource constraints and performance degradation under distribution shifts. While test-time adaptation (TTA) can counteract such shifts, existing methods are too…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-18 Xin Wang , Hong Jia , Hualin Zhou , Sheng Guang Wang , Yu Zhang , Ting Dang , Tao Gu

The pursuit of reducing the memory footprint of the self-attention mechanism in multi-headed self attention (MHA) spawned a rich portfolio of methods, e.g., group-query attention (GQA) and multi-head latent attention (MLA). The methods…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-01 Timon Klein , Jonas Kusch , Sebastian Sager , Stefan Schnake , Steffen Schotthöfer

The attention mechanism is an important reason for the success of transformers. It relies on computing pairwise relations between tokens. To reduce the high computational cost of standard quadratic attention, linear attention has been…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Hanno Ackermann , Hong Cai , Mohsen Ghafoorian , Amirhossein Habibian

Reducing the key-value (KV) cache size is a crucial step toward enabling efficient inference in large language models (LLMs), especially under latency and memory constraints. While Multi-Head Attention (MHA) offers strong representational…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Zhengge Cai , Haowen Hou

Massive transformer-based models face several challenges, including slow and computationally intensive pre-training and over-parametrization. This paper addresses these challenges by proposing a versatile method called GQKVA, which…

In this paper, we present TransMLA, a framework that seamlessly converts any GQA-based pre-trained model into an MLA-based model. Our approach enables direct compatibility with DeepSeek's codebase, allowing these models to fully leverage…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-13 Fanxu Meng , Pingzhi Tang , Xiaojuan Tang , Zengwei Yao , Xing Sun , Muhan Zhang

Transformer models face scalability challenges in causal language modeling (CLM) due to inefficient memory allocation for growing key-value (KV) caches, which strains compute and storage resources. Existing methods like Grouped Query…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Guanghui Song , Dongping Liao , Yiren Zhao , Kejiang Ye , Cheng-zhong Xu , Xitong Gao

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive performance in generative tasks but also introduce significant challenges in real-world serving due to inefficient use of the expensive, computation-optimized accelerators.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-11 Shaoyuan Chen , Wencong Xiao , Yutong Lin , Mingxing Zhang , Yingdi Shan , Jinlei Jiang , Kang Chen , Yongwei Wu

This paper introduces a novel approach to enhance the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in processing and understanding extensive text sequences, a critical aspect in applications requiring deep comprehension and synthesis of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-15 Kaiqiang Song , Xiaoyang Wang , Sangwoo Cho , Xiaoman Pan , Dong Yu

Recently years have witnessed a rapid development of large language models (LLMs). Despite the strong ability in many language-understanding tasks, the heavy computational burden largely restricts the application of LLMs especially when one…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-10 Yuhui Xu , Lingxi Xie , Xiaotao Gu , Xin Chen , Heng Chang , Hengheng Zhang , Zhengsu Chen , Xiaopeng Zhang , Qi Tian

Transformers have been proven a successful model for a variety of tasks in sequence modeling. However, computing the attention matrix, which is their key component, has quadratic complexity with respect to the sequence length, thus making…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-10-01 Apoorv Vyas , Angelos Katharopoulos , François Fleuret

Recently, Transformers have shown promising performance in various vision tasks. To reduce the quadratic computation complexity caused by each query attending to all keys/values, various methods have constrained the range of attention…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-05-30 Kai Liu , Tianyi Wu , Cong Liu , Guodong Guo

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have set themselves apart with their exceptional performance in complex language modelling tasks. However, these models are also known for their significant computational and storage…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-12 Peng Lu , Ivan Kobyzev , Mehdi Rezagholizadeh , Boxing Chen , Philippe Langlais

Following the major successes of self-attention and Transformers for image analysis, we investigate the use of such attention mechanisms in the context of Image Quality Assessment (IQA) and propose a novel full-reference IQA method, Vision…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-10-06 Andrei Chubarau , James Clark