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Pre-trained large language models have demonstrated a strong ability to learn from context, known as in-context learning (ICL). Despite a surge of recent applications that leverage such capabilities, it is by no means clear, at least…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Bingqing Song , Jiaxiang Li , Rong Wang , Songtao Lu , Mingyi Hong

Context matters! Nevertheless, there has not been much research in exploiting contextual information in deep neural networks. For most part, the entire usage of contextual information has been limited to recurrent neural networks. Attention…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-06-30 Ismail Elezi

Temporal models based on recurrent neural networks have proven to be quite powerful in a wide variety of applications. However, training these models often relies on back-propagation through time, which entails unfolding the network over…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2019-08-13 Alexander Ororbia , Ankur Mali , C. Lee Giles , Daniel Kifer

Neural Processes (NPs) (Garnelo et al 2018a;b) approach regression by learning to map a context set of observed input-output pairs to a distribution over regression functions. Each function models the distribution of the output given an…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-07-10 Hyunjik Kim , Andriy Mnih , Jonathan Schwarz , Marta Garnelo , Ali Eslami , Dan Rosenbaum , Oriol Vinyals , Yee Whye Teh

Modeling event sequences of multiple event types with marked temporal point processes (MTPPs) provides a principled way to uncover governing dynamical rules and predict future events. Current neural network approaches to MTPP inference rely…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-02 David Berghaus , Patrick Seifner , Kostadin Cvejoski , César Ojeda , Ramsés J. Sánchez

We propose ContextLM, a framework that implicitly learns multi-token prediction by augmenting standard pretraining with an intrinsic next-context prediction objective. ContextLM builds a language model on top of context embeddings that span…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-12 Beiya Dai , Yuliang Liu , Daozheng Xue , Yunchong Song , Qipeng Guo , Kai Chen , Xinbing Wang , Bowen Zhou , Zhouhan Lin

We study the phenomenon of \textit{in-context learning} (ICL) exhibited by large language models, where they can adapt to a new learning task, given a handful of labeled examples, without any explicit parameter optimization. Our goal is to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-29 Jacob Abernethy , Alekh Agarwal , Teodor V. Marinov , Manfred K. Warmuth

Recent Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) demonstrate in-context learning ability to perform various functions based solely on the provided context, without updating model parameters. To fully utilize the in-context capabilities…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-06 Jiecheng Lu , Yan Sun , Shihao Yang

Neural sequence models, especially transformers, exhibit a remarkable capacity for in-context learning. They can construct new predictors from sequences of labeled examples $(x, f(x))$ presented in the input without further parameter…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-19 Ekin Akyürek , Dale Schuurmans , Jacob Andreas , Tengyu Ma , Denny Zhou

In-context learning (ICL) is one of the surprising and useful features of large language models and subject of intense research. Recently, stylized meta-learning-like ICL setups have been devised that train transformers on sequences of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-16 Madhur Panwar , Kabir Ahuja , Navin Goyal

Transformers have emerged as the dominant architecture in the field of deep learning, with a broad range of applications and remarkable in-context learning (ICL) capabilities. While not yet fully understood, ICL has already proved to be an…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-08 Arik Reuter , Tim G. J. Rudner , Vincent Fortuin , David Rügamer

We investigate the transformer's capability to simulate the training process of deep models via in-context learning (ICL), i.e., in-context deep learning. Our key contribution is providing a positive example of using a transformer to train…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Weimin Wu , Maojiang Su , Jerry Yao-Chieh Hu , Zhao Song , Han Liu

Transformers have demonstrated remarkable in-context learning (ICL) capabilities, adapting to new tasks by simply conditioning on demonstrations without parameter updates. Compelling empirical and theoretical evidence suggests that ICL, as…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Taejong Joo , Diego Klabjan

In-Context Learning (ICL) enhances the performance of large language models (LLMs) with demonstrations. However, obtaining these demonstrations primarily relies on manual effort. In most real-world scenarios, users are often unwilling or…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-02 Jinglong Gao , Xiao Ding , Lingxiao Zou , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

Many recent language models (LMs) are capable of in-context learning (ICL), manifested in the LMs' ability to perform a new task solely from natural-language instruction. Previous work curating in-context learners assumes that ICL emerges…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-01 Michal Štefánik , Marek Kadlčík , Petr Sojka

In-context learning (ICL) empowers generative models to address new tasks effectively and efficiently on the fly, without relying on any artificially crafted optimization techniques. In this paper, we study extending ICL to address a…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-09-13 Fan Wang , Chuan Lin , Yang Cao , Yu Kang

Large pretrained language models (LMs) have shown impressive In-Context Learning (ICL) ability, where the model learns to do an unseen task via a prompt consisting of input-output examples as the demonstration, without any parameter…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-06-21 Jiacheng Ye , Zhiyong Wu , Jiangtao Feng , Tao Yu , Lingpeng Kong

Transformer-based language models exhibit In-Context Learning (ICL), where predictions are made adaptively based on context. While prior work links induction heads to ICL through a sudden jump in accuracy, this can only account for ICL when…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-11 Gouki Minegishi , Hiroki Furuta , Shohei Taniguchi , Yusuke Iwasawa , Yutaka Matsuo

In-context learning (ICL) enables large language models to adapt to new tasks from demonstrations without parameter updates. Despite extensive empirical studies, a principled understanding of ICL emergence at scale remains more elusive. We…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Sushant Mehta , Ishan Gupta

In-context learning (ICL) is one of the most powerful and most unexpected capabilities to emerge in recent transformer-based large language models (LLMs). Yet the mechanisms that underlie it are poorly understood. In this paper, we…