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Recent advancements in LLMs have shown their significant potential in tasks like text summarization and generation. Yet, they often encounter difficulty while solving complex physics problems that require arithmetic calculation and a good…

Despite the promise of RLHF in aligning LLMs with human preferences, it often leads to superficial alignment, prioritizing stylistic changes over improving downstream performance of LLMs. Underspecified preferences could obscure directions…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-22 Kyungjae Lee , Dasol Hwang , Sunghyun Park , Youngsoo Jang , Moontae Lee

A common and effective strategy for humans to improve an unsatisfactory outcome in daily life is to find a cause of this outcome and correct the cause. In this paper, we investigate whether this human improvement strategy can be applied to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-17 Shicheng Liu , Siyuan Xu , Wenjie Qiu , Hangfan Zhang , Minghui Zhu

Reinforcement learning with human feedback (RLHF) is an emerging paradigm to align models with human preferences. Typically, RLHF aggregates preferences from multiple individuals who have diverse viewpoints that may conflict with each…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-11 Huiying Zhong , Zhun Deng , Weijie J. Su , Zhiwei Steven Wu , Linjun Zhang

Reward models (RMs) are critical for aligning Large Language Models via Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF). While Generative Reward Models (GRMs) achieve superior accuracy through chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning, they incur…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Jiayun Wu , Peixu Hou , Shan Qu , Peng Zhang , Ning Gu , Tun Lu

Alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs) aims to align outputs with human preferences, and personalized alignment further adapts models to individual users. This relies on personalized reward models that capture user-specific preferences…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Hongru Cai , Yongqi Li , Tiezheng Yu , Fengbin Zhu , Wenjie Wang , Fuli Feng , Wenjie Li

The demand for regulating potentially risky behaviors of large language models (LLMs) has ignited research on alignment methods. Since LLM alignment heavily relies on reward models for optimization or evaluation, neglecting the quality of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-01 Yan Liu , Xiaoyuan Yi , Xiaokang Chen , Jing Yao , Jingwei Yi , Daoguang Zan , Zheng Liu , Xing Xie , Tsung-Yi Ho

Reward Model (RM) has demonstrated impressive potential for enhancing Large Language Models (LLM), as RM can serve as a proxy for human preferences, providing signals to guide LLMs' behavior in various tasks. In this paper, we provide a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-18 Jialun Zhong , Wei Shen , Yanzeng Li , Songyang Gao , Hua Lu , Yicheng Chen , Yang Zhang , Wei Zhou , Jinjie Gu , Lei Zou

As everyday use cases of large language model (LLM) AI assistants have expanded, it is becoming increasingly important to personalize responses to align to different users' preferences and goals. While reinforcement learning from human…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-06 Hyunji Nam , Yanming Wan , Mickel Liu , Peter Ahnn , Jianxun Lian , Natasha Jaques

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback aligns the outputs of Large Language Models with human values and preferences. Central to this process is the reward model (RM), which translates human feedback into training signals for optimising…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Zeyu Huang , Zihan Qiu , Zili Wang , Edoardo M. Ponti , Ivan Titov

Learning reward functions for physical skills are challenging due to the vast spectrum of skills, the high-dimensionality of state and action space, and nuanced sensory feedback. The complexity of these tasks makes acquiring expert…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2023-10-24 Yuwei Zeng , Yiqing Xu

The correct specification of reward models is a well-known challenge in reinforcement learning. Hand-crafted reward functions often lead to inefficient or suboptimal policies and may not be aligned with user values. Reinforcement learning…

Multimodal Reward Models (MRMs) play a crucial role in enhancing the performance of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). While recent advancements have primarily focused on improving the model structure and training data of MRMs, there…

Reinforcement learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) learns from preference signals, while standard Reinforcement Learning (RL) directly learns from reward signals. Preferences arguably contain less information than rewards, which makes…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-07 Yuanhao Wang , Qinghua Liu , Chi Jin

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is the standard for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs), yet recent progress has moved beyond canonical text-based methods. This survey synthesizes the new frontier of alignment research…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-07 Raghav Sharma , Manan Mehta , Sai Tiger Raina

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has emerged as a key technique for post-training large language models. Despite its empirical success, the theoretical understanding of RLHF is still limited, as learning the KL-regularized…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-29 Di Wu , Chengshuai Shi , Jing Yang , Cong Shen

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has become a powerful post-training paradigm for aligning large language models with human preferences. A core challenge in RLHF is constructing accurate reward signals, where the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-23 Ilgee Hong , Changlong Yu , Liang Qiu , Weixiang Yan , Zhenghao Xu , Haoming Jiang , Qingru Zhang , Qin Lu , Xin Liu , Chao Zhang , Tuo Zhao

We introduce a large language model (LLM) capable of processing speech inputs and show that tuning it further with reinforcement learning on human preference (RLHF) enables it to adapt better to disordered speech than traditional…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-01-03 Chirag Nagpal , Subhashini Venugopalan , Jimmy Tobin , Marilyn Ladewig , Katherine Heller , Katrin Tomanek

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has become an essential step in fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) to align them with human preferences. However, human labelers are selfish and have diverse preferences. They may…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-12-25 Shugang Hao , Lingjie Duan

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has played a crucial role in the success of large models such as ChatGPT. RLHF is a reinforcement learning framework which combines human feedback to improve learning effectiveness and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-28 Feiyang Han , Yimin Wei , Zhaofeng Liu , Yanxing Qi