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When making decisions under uncertainty, individuals often deviate from rational behavior, which can be evaluated across three dimensions: risk preference, probability weighting, and loss aversion. Given the widespread use of large language…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-11-04 Jingru Jia , Zehua Yuan , Junhao Pan , Paul E. McNamara , Deming Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in various natural language processing tasks but remain vulnerable to generating harmful content or being exploited for malicious purposes. Although safety alignment datasets have been introduced to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-20 Xiaorui Wu , Xiaofeng Mao , Fei Li , Xin Zhang , Xuanhong Li , Chong Teng , Donghong Ji , Zhuang Li

With the growing prevalence of large language models (LLMs), the safety of LLMs has raised significant concerns. However, there is still a lack of definitive standards for evaluating their safety due to the subjective nature of current…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Chuxue Cao , Han Zhu , Jiaming Ji , Qichao Sun , Zhenghao Zhu , Yinyu Wu , Juntao Dai , Yaodong Yang , Sirui Han , Yike Guo

As Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly power decision-making systems across critical domains, understanding and mitigating their biases becomes essential for responsible AI deployment. Although bias assessment frameworks have…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-06 Divyanshu Kumar , Ishita Gupta , Nitin Aravind Birur , Tanay Baswa , Sahil Agarwal , Prashanth Harshangi

While recent code-specific large language models (LLMs) have greatly enhanced their code generation capabilities, the safety of these models remains under-explored, posing potential risks as insecure code generated by these models may…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-09 Xiangzhe Xu , Zian Su , Jinyao Guo , Kaiyuan Zhang , Zhenting Wang , Xiangyu Zhang

As large language models (LLMs) become integral to safety-critical applications, ensuring their robustness against adversarial prompts is paramount. However, existing red teaming datasets suffer from inconsistent risk categorizations,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-20 Quy-Anh Dang , Chris Ngo , Truong-Son Hy

The potential of large language models (LLMs) in specialized domains such as legal risk analysis remains underexplored. In response to growing interest in locally deploying open-source LLMs for legal tasks while preserving data…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-06 Shuang Liu , Zelong Li , Ruoyun Ma , Haiyan Zhao , Mengnan Du

Context. Risk analysis assesses potential risks in specific scenarios. Risk analysis principles are context-less; the same methodology can be applied to a risk connected to health and information technology security. Risk analysis requires…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-10 Matteo Esposito , Francesco Palagiano , Valentina Lenarduzzi , Davide Taibi

Generative large language models (LLMs) have achieved state-of-the-art results on a wide range of tasks, yet they remain susceptible to backdoor attacks: carefully crafted triggers in the input can manipulate the model to produce…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Yige Li , Hanxun Huang , Yunhan Zhao , Xingjun Ma , Jun Sun

Understanding how large language models (LLMs) process emotionally sensitive content is critical for building safe and reliable systems, particularly in mental health contexts. We investigate the scaling behavior of LLMs on two key tasks:…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-08 Edoardo Pinzuti , Oliver Tüscher , André Ferreira Castro

Early suicide risk detection in adolescents is critical yet hindered by scalability challenges of current assessments. This paper presents our approach to the first SpeechWellness Challenge (SW1), which aims to assess suicide risk in…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-05-28 Filomene Roquefort , Alexandre Ducorroy , Rachid Riad

The increasing deployment of large language models (LLMs) in the cybersecurity domain underscores the need for effective model selection and evaluation. However, traditional evaluation methods often overlook specific cybersecurity knowledge…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-17 Dawei Wang , Geng Zhou , Xianglong Li , Yu Bai , Li Chen , Ting Qin , Jian Sun , Dan Li

Large Language Models have seen rapid progress in capability in recent years; this progress has been accelerating and their capabilities, measured by various benchmarks, are beginning to approach those of humans. There is a strong demand to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-07 Brett Israelsen , Soumalya Sarkar

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into critical decision-making pipelines, a trend that raises the demand for robust and automated data analysis. Current approaches to dataset risk analysis are limited to manual…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Panteleimon Rodis

Large language models (LLMs) have been increasingly applied to automated harmful content detection tasks, assisting moderators in identifying policy violations and improving the overall efficiency and accuracy of content review. However,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-14 Kangwei Liu , Siyuan Cheng , Bozhong Tian , Xiaozhuan Liang , Yuyang Yin , Meng Han , Ningyu Zhang , Bryan Hooi , Xi Chen , Shumin Deng

Medical question answering (QA) benchmarks often focus on multiple-choice or fact-based tasks, leaving open-ended answers to real patient questions underexplored. This gap is particularly critical in mental health, where patient questions…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Yahan Li , Jifan Yao , John Bosco S. Bunyi , Adam C. Frank , Angel Hsing-Chi Hwang , Ruishan Liu

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive results across a range of natural language processing tasks, but their potential to generate harmful content has raised serious safety concerns. Current toxicity detectors primarily rely…

The growing use of large language models (LLMs) has raised concerns regarding their safety. While many studies have focused on English, the safety of LLMs in Arabic, with its linguistic and cultural complexities, remains under-explored.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-11 Yasser Ashraf , Yuxia Wang , Bin Gu , Preslav Nakov , Timothy Baldwin

LLMs have shown impressive progress in natural language processing. However, they still face significant challenges in TableQA, where real-world complexities such as diverse table structures, multilingual data, and domain-specific reasoning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Junnan Zhu , Jingyi Wang , Bohan Yu , Xiaoyu Wu , Junbo Li , Lei Wang , Nan Xu

The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to the widespread deployment of LLM-based systems across diverse domains. As these systems proliferate, understanding the risks associated with their complex supply chains is increasingly…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-07-25 Yujie Ma , Lili Quan , Xiaofei Xie , Qiang Hu , Jiongchi Yu , Yao Zhang , Sen Chen