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In recent research on large language models (LLMs), there has been a growing emphasis on aligning these models with human values to reduce the impact of harmful content. However, current alignment methods often rely solely on singular forms…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-12 Tianshu Yu , Ting-En Lin , Yuchuan Wu , Min Yang , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li

Large language models (LLMs) undergo safety alignment to ensure safe conversations with humans. However, this paper introduces a training-free attack method capable of reversing safety alignment, converting the outcomes of stronger…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-07 Zhanhui Zhou , Jie Liu , Zhichen Dong , Jiaheng Liu , Chao Yang , Wanli Ouyang , Yu Qiao

Over recent years, an increasing amount of compute and data has been poured into training large language models (LLMs), usually by doing one-pass learning on as many tokens as possible randomly selected from large-scale web corpora. While…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-08-24 Kushal Tirumala , Daniel Simig , Armen Aghajanyan , Ari S. Morcos

The standard Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) framework primarily focuses on optimizing the performance of large language models using pre-collected prompts. However, collecting prompts that provide comprehensive coverage…

Current safety alignment for large language models(LLMs) continues to present vulnerabilities, given that adversarial prompting can effectively bypass their safety measures.Our investigation shows that these safety mechanisms predominantly…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-28 Chao Huang , Zefeng Zhang , Juewei Yue , Quangang Li , Chuang Zhang , Tingwen Liu

Multiple Choice Question Answering (MCQA) is an important problem with numerous real-world applications, such as medicine, law, and education. The high cost of building MCQA datasets makes few-shot learning pivotal in this domain. While…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-31 Patrick Sutanto , Joan Santoso , Esther Irawati Setiawan , Aji Prasetya Wibawa

The rapidly increasing capabilities of large language models (LLMs) raise an urgent need to align AI systems with diverse human preferences to simultaneously enhance their usefulness and safety, despite the often conflicting nature of these…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-06 Zixuan Liu , Xiaolin Sun , Zizhan Zheng

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) is a common approach to improve the domain-specific question-answering (QA) performance of large language models (LLMs). However, recent literature reveals that due to the conflicts between LLMs' internal…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Qihuang Zhong , Liang Ding , Xiantao Cai , Juhua Liu , Bo Du , Dacheng Tao

Large language models have demonstrated impressive retrieval-augmented capabilities. However, a crucial area remains underexplored: their ability to appropriately adapt responses to the certainty of the retrieved information. It is a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-11 Behzad Shayegh , Mohamed Osama Ahmed , Fred Tung , Leo Feng

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is increasingly used to align large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. However, the effectiveness of RLHF in addressing underlying biases remains unclear. This study investigates…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-13 Logan Barnhart , Reza Akbarian Bafghi , Stephen Becker , Maziar Raissi

Recent advances in aligning Large Language Models with human preferences have benefited from larger reward models and better preference data. However, most of these methodologies rely on the accuracy of the reward model. The reward models…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-11-01 Debangshu Banerjee , Aditya Gopalan

Large language models (LLMs) trained via pretraining and supervised fine-tuning (SFT) can still produce harmful and misaligned outputs, or struggle in domains like math and coding. Reinforcement learning (RL)-based post-training methods,…

Sequential recommender systems have achieved significant success in modeling temporal user behavior but remain limited in capturing rich user semantics beyond interaction patterns. Large Language Models (LLMs) present opportunities to…

Ensuring Large Language Models (LLMs) align with diverse human preferences while preserving privacy and fairness remains a challenge. Existing methods, such as Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF), rely on centralized data…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-14 Mahmoud Srewa , Tianyu Zhao , Salma Elmalaki

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have achieved remarkable success on reasoning-intensive tasks such as mathematics and programming. However, their enhanced reasoning capabilities do not necessarily translate to improved safety performance-and…

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a transformative training paradigm, particularly invaluable in privacy-sensitive domains like healthcare. However, client heterogeneity in data, computing power, and tasks poses a significant…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-01 Huidong Tang , Chen Li , Huachong Yu , Sayaka Kamei , Yasuhiko Morimoto

Large language models (LLMs) often fail to ask effective questions under uncertainty, making them unreliable in domains where proactive information-gathering is essential for decision-making. We present ALignment via Fine-grained…

Instruction tuning improves the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs), with data quality and scalability being the crucial factors. Most instruction tuning data come from human crowd-sourcing or GPT-4 distillation. We propose…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-24 Xiang Yue , Tuney Zheng , Ge Zhang , Wenhu Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly popular due to their ability to process and generate natural language. However, as they are trained on massive datasets of text, LLMs can inherit harmful biases and produce outputs that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-23 Qi Gou , Cam-Tu Nguyen

Data is a crucial element in large language model (LLM) alignment. Recent studies have explored using LLMs for efficient data collection. However, LLM-generated data often suffers from quality issues, with underrepresented or absent aspects…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Fei Wang , Ninareh Mehrabi , Palash Goyal , Rahul Gupta , Kai-Wei Chang , Aram Galstyan