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Large language models (LLMs) often demonstrate inconsistencies with human preferences. Previous research typically gathered human preference data and then aligned the pre-trained models using reinforcement learning or instruction tuning,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-10 Yuhui Li , Fangyun Wei , Jinjing Zhao , Chao Zhang , Hongyang Zhang

As the online learning landscape evolves, the need for personalization is increasingly evident. Although educational resources are burgeoning, educators face challenges selecting materials that both align with intended learning outcomes and…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-12-16 Mohammadreza Molavi , Mohammad Moein , Mohammadreza Tavakoli , Abdolali Faraji , Stefan T. Mol , Gábor Kismihók

Automatic grading of subjective questions remains a significant challenge in examination assessment due to the diversity in question formats and the open-ended nature of student responses. Existing works primarily focus on a specific type…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Fanwei Zhua , Jiaxuan He , Xiaoxiao Chen , Zulong Chen , Quan Lu , Chenrui Mei

Receiving timely and personalized feedback is essential for second-language learners, especially when human instructors are unavailable. This study explores the effectiveness of Large Language Models (LLMs), including both proprietary and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Changrong Xiao , Wenxing Ma , Qingping Song , Sean Xin Xu , Kunpeng Zhang , Yufang Wang , Qi Fu

Large language models (LLMs) have increased the demand for personalized and stylish content generation. However, closed-source models like GPT-4 present limitations in optimization opportunities, while the substantial training costs and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-07 Chenning Xu , Fangxun Shu , Dian Jin , Jinghao Wei , Hao Jiang

This paper explores the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) for sequential recommendation, which predicts users' future interactions based on their past behavior. We introduce a new concept, "Integrating Recommendation Systems as a New…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-12-24 Kai Zheng , Qingfeng Sun , Can Xu , Peng Yu , Qingwei Guo

One paradigm of language model (LM) fine-tuning relies on creating large training datasets, under the assumption that high quantity and diversity will enable models to generalize to novel tasks after post-training. In practice, gathering…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Emre Can Acikgoz , Cheng Qian , Heng Ji , Dilek Hakkani-Tür , Gokhan Tur

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) on language modeling and emergent capabilities make them a promising reference-free evaluator of natural language generation quality, and a competent alternative to human evaluation.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-09-26 Yuxuan Liu , Tianchi Yang , Shaohan Huang , Zihan Zhang , Haizhen Huang , Furu Wei , Weiwei Deng , Feng Sun , Qi Zhang

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated excellent performance, inspiring researchers to explore their use in automating register transfer level (RTL) code generation and improving hardware design efficiency. However, the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-24 Peiyang Wu , Nan Guo , Xiao Xiao , Wenming Li , Xiaochun Ye , Dongrui Fan

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a transformative approach for aligning and enhancing Large Language Models (LLMs), addressing critical challenges in instruction following, ethical alignment, and reasoning capabilities. This…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-07-08 Saksham Sahai Srivastava , Vaneet Aggarwal

Speech-to-text alignment is a critical component of neural textto-speech (TTS) models. Autoregressive TTS models typically use an attention mechanism to learn these alignments on-line. However, these alignments tend to be brittle and often…

声音 · 计算机科学 2021-08-25 Rohan Badlani , Adrian Łancucki , Kevin J. Shih , Rafael Valle , Wei Ping , Bryan Catanzaro

Tokenization serves as a foundational step for Large Language Models (LLMs) to process text. In new domains or languages, the inefficiency of the tokenizer will slow down the training and generation of LLM. The mismatch in vocabulary also…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-05 Chong Li , Jiajun Zhang , Chengqing Zong

Reward-model-based fine-tuning is a central paradigm in aligning Large Language Models with human preferences. However, such approaches critically rely on the assumption that proxy reward models accurately reflect intended supervision, a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Zixuan Liu , Siavash H. Khajavi , Guangkai Jiang , Xinru Liu

Training large language models (LLMs) typically involves pre-training on massive corpora, only to restart the process entirely when new data becomes available. A more efficient and resource-conserving approach would be continual…

Evaluation of large language model (LLM) outputs requires users to make critical judgments about the best outputs across various configurations. This process is costly and takes time given the large amounts of data. LLMs are increasingly…

Learning from human feedback is a prominent technique to align the output of large language models (LLMs) with human expectations. Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) leverages human preference signals that are in the form of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-27 Di Jin , Shikib Mehri , Devamanyu Hazarika , Aishwarya Padmakumar , Sungjin Lee , Yang Liu , Mahdi Namazifar

Developing effective instruction-following policies in reinforcement learning remains challenging due to the reliance on extensive human-labeled instruction datasets and the difficulty of learning from sparse rewards. In this paper, we…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-26 Zhicheng Zhang , Ziyan Wang , Yali Du , Fei Fang

Large language models exhibit superior capabilities in processing and understanding language, yet their applications in educational contexts remain underexplored. Learnersourcing enhances learning by engaging students in creating their own…

Large language models (LLMs) built on existing reinforcement learning with human feedback (RLHF) frameworks typically optimize responses based on immediate turn-level human preferences. However, this approach falls short in multi-turn…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-23 Hyunji Nam , Omer Gottesman , Amy Zhang , Dean Foster , Emma Brunskill , Lyle Ungar

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to assist ideation in research, but evaluating the quality of LLM-generated research proposals remains difficult: novelty and soundness are hard to measure automatically, and large-scale…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Heng Wang , Pengcheng Jiang , Jiashuo Sun , Zhiyi Shi , Haofei Yu , Jiawei Han , Heng Ji