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Large Language Models (LLMs) have been showing promising results for various NLP-tasks without the explicit need to be trained for these tasks by using few-shot or zero-shot prompting techniques. A common NLP-task is question-answering…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-18 Kevin Fischer , Darren Fürst , Sebastian Steindl , Jakob Lindner , Ulrich Schäfer

With instruction tuning, Large Language Models (LLMs) can enhance their ability to adhere to commands. Diverging from most works focusing on data mixing, our study concentrates on enhancing the model's capabilities from the perspective of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-07 Jun Rao , Xuebo Liu , Lian Lian , Shengjun Cheng , Yunjie Liao , Min Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are being applied in a wide array of settings, well beyond the typical language-oriented use cases. In particular, LLMs are increasingly used as a plug-and-play method for fitting data and generating…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-29 Hejia Liu , Mochen Yang , Gediminas Adomavicius

Instruction tuning for large language models (LLMs) has gained attention from researchers due to its ability to unlock the potential of LLMs in following instructions. While instruction tuning offers advantages for facilitating the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-05-17 Hao Chen , Yiming Zhang , Qi Zhang , Hantao Yang , Xiaomeng Hu , Xuetao Ma , Yifan Yanggong , Junbo Zhao

Large language models (LLMs) show amazing performance on many domain-specific tasks after fine-tuning with some appropriate data. However, many domain-specific data are privately distributed across multiple owners. Thus, this dilemma raises…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-26 Feijie Wu , Zitao Li , Yaliang Li , Bolin Ding , Jing Gao

Large Language Models (LLMs) with reasoning capabilities have achieved state-of-the-art performance on a wide range of tasks. Despite its empirical success, the tasks and model scales at which reasoning becomes effective, as well as its…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-29 Nicolas Boizard , Hippolyte Gisserot-Boukhlef , Kevin El-Haddad , Céline Hudelot , Pierre Colombo

Deep neural networks can yield good performance on various tasks but often require large amounts of data to train them. Meta-learning received considerable attention as one approach to improve the generalization of these networks from a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-11 Mike Huisman , Aske Plaat , Jan N. van Rijn

Multi-task learning (MTL), instruction tuning, and prompting have recently been shown to improve the generalizability of large language models to new tasks. However, the benefits of such methods are less well-documented in smaller language…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-11 Alon Albalak , Akshat Shrivastava , Chinnadhurai Sankar , Adithya Sagar , Mike Ross

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in transforming clinical applications. In this study, we investigate the efficacy of four techniques in adapting LLMs for clinical use-cases: continuous pretraining,…

Pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) require post-training methods such as supervised fine-tuning (SFT) on instruction-response pairs to enable instruction following. However, this process can potentially harm existing capabilities…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-04 Yihan Wang , Andrew Bai , Nanyun Peng , Cho-Jui Hsieh

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly advanced the field of automated code generation. LLMs rely on large and diverse datasets to learn syntax, semantics, and usage patterns of programming languages. For low-resource…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-02-03 Alessandro Giagnorio , Alberto Martin-Lopez , Gabriele Bavota

Finetuning language models on a collection of datasets phrased as instructions has been shown to improve model performance and generalization to unseen tasks. In this paper we explore instruction finetuning with a particular focus on (1)…

Reasoning in mathematical domains remains a significant challenge for relatively small language models (LMs). Many current methods focus on specializing LMs in mathematical reasoning and rely heavily on knowledge distillation from powerful…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-07-18 Zhenwen Liang , Dian Yu , Xiaoman Pan , Wenlin Yao , Qingkai Zeng , Xiangliang Zhang , Dong Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) fine-tuned for specific domains exhibit strong performance; however, the underlying mechanisms by which this fine-tuning reshapes their parametric space are not well understood. Prior works primarily focus on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-13 Eshaan Tanwar , Deepak Nathani , William Yang Wang , Tanmoy Chakraborty

When model developers or users fine-tune an LLM, this can induce behaviors that are unexpected, deliberately harmful, or hard to detect. It would be far easier to audit LLMs if they could simply describe their behaviors in natural language.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-29 Keshav Shenoy , Li Yang , Abhay Sheshadri , Sören Mindermann , Jack Lindsey , Sam Marks , Rowan Wang

Specializing LLMs in various domain-specific tasks has emerged as a critical step towards achieving high performance. However, the construction and annotation of datasets in specific domains are always very costly. Apart from using superior…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-09 Yuanhao Yue , Chengyu Wang , Jun Huang , Peng Wang

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have demonstrated impressive performance across numerous academic benchmarks. However, fine-tuning still remains essential to achieve satisfactory performance on downstream tasks, while the task-specific…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-23 Barry Menglong Yao , Qifan Wang , Lifu Huang

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in medical applications such as disease diagnosis and treatment planning. However, most existing medical LLMs struggle with the deep reasoning required for complex…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-31 Hongzhou Yu , Tianhao Cheng , Yingwen Wang , Wen He , Qing Wang , Ying Cheng , Yuejie Zhang , Rui Feng , Xiaobo Zhang

Fine-tuning large pre-trained language models on downstream tasks has become the de-facto learning paradigm in NLP. However, conventional approaches fine-tune all the parameters of the pre-trained model, which becomes prohibitive as the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-02-03 Junxian He , Chunting Zhou , Xuezhe Ma , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick , Graham Neubig

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong task-specific capabilities through fine-tuning, but merging multiple fine-tuned models often leads to degraded performance due to overlapping instruction-following components. Task Arithmetic…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-28 Yan-Lun Chen , Yi-Ru Wei , Chia-Yi Hsu , Chia-Mu Yu , Chun-Ying Huang , Ying-Dar Lin , Yu-Sung Wu , Wei-Bin Lee