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Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in clinical applications through prompt engineering, allowing flexible clinical predictions. However, they struggle to produce reliable prediction probabilities, which are crucial for…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-12-05 Bowen Gu , Rishi J. Desai , Kueiyu Joshua Lin , Jie Yang

The common toxicity and societal bias in contents generated by large language models (LLMs) necessitate strategies to reduce harm. Present solutions often demand white-box access to the model or substantial training, which is impractical…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-23 Rongwu Xu , Zi'an Zhou , Tianwei Zhang , Zehan Qi , Su Yao , Ke Xu , Wei Xu , Han Qiu

Extensive efforts in automated approaches for content moderation have been focused on developing models to identify toxic, offensive, and hateful content with the aim of lightening the load for moderators. Yet, it remains uncertain whether…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-14 Yang Trista Cao , Lovely-Frances Domingo , Sarah Ann Gilbert , Michelle Mazurek , Katie Shilton , Hal Daumé

Recent NLP literature pays little attention to the robustness of toxicity language predictors, while these systems are most likely to be used in adversarial contexts. This paper presents a novel adversarial attack, \texttt{ToxicTrap},…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-16 Dmitriy Bespalov , Sourav Bhabesh , Yi Xiang , Liutong Zhou , Yanjun Qi

With the rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) in recent years, abundant new opportunities are emerging, but also new challenges, among which contamination is quickly becoming critical. Business applications and fundraising in Artificial…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-11 Mathieu Ravaut , Bosheng Ding , Fangkai Jiao , Hailin Chen , Xingxuan Li , Ruochen Zhao , Chengwei Qin , Caiming Xiong , Shafiq Joty

The paper presents an approach for the recognition of toxic habits named entities in Spanish clinical texts. The approach was developed for the ToxHabits Shared Task. Our team participated in subtask 1, which aims to detect substance use…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Sylvia Vassileva , Ivan Koychev , Svetla Boytcheva

Evaluating the robustness of LLMs to adversarial attacks is crucial for safe deployment, yet current red-teaming methods are often prohibitively expensive. We compare the ability of fast proxy metrics to predict the real-world robustness of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-02-18 Tim Beyer , Jan Schuchardt , Leo Schwinn , Stephan Günnemann

As Large Language Models (LLMs) of Prompt Jailbreaking are getting more and more attention, it is of great significance to raise a generalized research paradigm to evaluate attack strengths and a basic model to conduct subtler experiments.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-04-15 Tianyu Zhang , Zixuan Zhao , Jiaqi Huang , Jingyu Hua , Sheng Zhong

As large language models achieve increasingly impressive results, questions arise about whether such performance is from generalizability or mere data memorization. Thus, numerous data contamination detection methods have been proposed.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-10 Vinay Samuel , Yue Zhou , Henry Peng Zou

Application designers have moved to integrate large language models (LLMs) into their products. However, many LLM-integrated applications are vulnerable to prompt injections. While attempts have been made to address this problem by building…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Dennis Jacob , Hend Alzahrani , Zhanhao Hu , Basel Alomair , David Wagner

Toxicity detection in gaming communities faces significant scaling challenges when expanding across multiple games and languages, particularly in real-time environments where computational efficiency is crucial. We present two key findings…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Zachary Yang , Domenico Tullo , Reihaneh Rabbany

There has been little systematic study on how dialectal differences affect toxicity detection by modern LLMs. Furthermore, although using LLMs as evaluators ("LLM-as-a-judge") is a growing research area, their sensitivity to dialectal…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-19 Fahim Faisal , Md Mushfiqur Rahman , Antonios Anastasopoulos

Large language models are increasingly used for creative writing and engagement content, raising safety concerns about the outputs. Therefore, casting humor generation as a testbed, this work evaluates how funniness optimization in modern…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-22 Atharvan Dogra , Soumya Suvra Ghosal , Ameet Deshpande , Ashwin Kalyan , Dinesh Manocha

Final-token safety probes monitor a single hidden state after prompt prefill, but jailbreak prompts can contain probe-visible unsafe evidence distributed across earlier user-token representations that is missed by this readout. We study…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Shravan Doda

The recent emergence of multimodal large language models (LLMs) has introduced new opportunities for improving visual hazard recognition on construction sites. Unlike traditional computer vision models that rely on domain-specific training…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Nishi Chaudhary , S M Jamil Uddin , Sathvik Sharath Chandra , Anto Ovid , Alex Albert

As generative large language models (LLMs) grow more performant and prevalent, we must develop comprehensive enough tools to measure and improve their fairness. Different prompt-based datasets can be used to measure social bias across…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in security-sensitive applications, where they must follow system- or developer-specified instructions that define the intended task behavior, while completing benign user requests.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Shawn Li , Chenxiao Yu , Zhiyu Ni , Hao Li , Charith Peris , Chaowei Xiao , Yue Zhao

As large language models (LLMs) increasingly integrate native code interpreters, they enable powerful real-time execution capabilities, substantially expanding their utility. However, such integrations introduce potential system-level…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-28 Gabriel Chua

Despite their remarkable success, large language models (LLMs) have shown limited ability on safety-critical code tasks such as vulnerability detection. Typically, static analysis (SA) tools, like CodeQL, CodeGuru Security, etc., are used…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-15 Ira Ceka , Feitong Qiao , Anik Dey , Aastha Valecha , Gail Kaiser , Baishakhi Ray

Optimization-based jailbreaks typically adopt the Toxic-Continuation setting in large vision-language models (LVLMs), following the standard next-token prediction objective. In this setting, an adversarial image is optimized to make the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Hee-Seon Kim , Minbeom Kim , Wonjun Lee , Kihyun Kim , Changick Kim