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Reward models (RMs) guide the alignment of large language models (LLMs), steering them toward behaviors preferred by humans. Evaluating RMs is the key to better aligning LLMs. However, the current evaluation of RMs may not directly…

Alignment with human preference prevents large language models (LLMs) from generating misleading or toxic content while requiring high-cost human feedback. Assuming resources of human annotation are limited, there are two different ways of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-02 Feifan Song , Bowen Yu , Hao Lang , Haiyang Yu , Fei Huang , Houfeng Wang , Yongbin Li

Aligning large language models (LLMs) to human preferences is challenging in domains where preference data is unavailable. We address the problem of learning reward models for such target domains by leveraging feedback collected from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-03 David Wu , Sanjiban Choudhury

Pairwise preference data have played an important role in the alignment of large language models (LLMs). Each sample of such data consists of a prompt, two different responses to the prompt, and a binary label indicating which of the two…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Zhongze Cai , Xiaocheng Li

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit cultural bias from overrepresented viewpoints in training data, yet cultural alignment remains a challenge due to limited cultural knowledge and a lack of exploration into effective learning approaches.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-16 Chunhua Liu , Kabir Manandhar Shrestha , Sukai Huang

ChatGLM is a free-to-use AI service powered by the ChatGLM family of large language models (LLMs). In this paper, we present the ChatGLM-RLHF pipeline -- a reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) system -- designed to enhance…

Alignment plays a crucial role in Large Language Models (LLMs) in aligning with human preferences on a specific task/domain. Traditional alignment methods suffer from catastrophic forgetting, where models lose previously acquired knowledge…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Junsong Li , Jie Zhou , Bihao Zhan , Yutao Yang , Qianjun Pan , Shilian Chen , Tianyu Huai , Xin Li , Qin Chen , Liang He

Large language models (LLMs) remain unreliable for global enterprise applications due to substantial performance gaps between high-resource and mid/low-resource languages, driven by English-centric pretraining and internal reasoning biases.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Amit Agarwal , Hansa Meghwani , Hitesh Laxmichand Patel , Tao Sheng , Sujith Ravi , Dan Roth

Evaluation of large language model (LLM) outputs requires users to make critical judgments about the best outputs across various configurations. This process is costly and takes time given the large amounts of data. LLMs are increasingly…

In this work, we present Xwin-LM, a comprehensive suite of alignment methodologies for large language models (LLMs). This suite encompasses several key techniques, including supervised finetuning (SFT), reward modeling (RM), rejection…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-31 Bolin Ni , JingCheng Hu , Yixuan Wei , Houwen Peng , Zheng Zhang , Gaofeng Meng , Han Hu

Pre-trained large-scale language models (LLMs) excel at producing coherent articles, yet their outputs may be untruthful, toxic, or fail to align with user expectations. Current approaches focus on using reinforcement learning with human…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-06 Dehong Xu , Liang Qiu , Minseok Kim , Faisal Ladhak , Jaeyoung Do

Existing benchmarks for large language models (LLMs) predominantely focus on assessing their capabilities through verifiable tasks. Such objective and static benchmarks offer limited utility for practical LLM selection, making it difficult…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-14 Qi Jia , Xiujie Song , Zicheng Zhang , Yijin Guo , Kaiwei Zhang , Zijian Chen , Guangtao Zhai

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at producing broadly relevant text, but this generality becomes a limitation when user-specific preferences are required, such as recommending restaurants or planning travel. In these scenarios, users…

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with diverse and multifaceted user preferences is a fundamental challenge in personalized AI systems. Existing multi-objective alignment methods either rely on costly training or require pre-trained…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Linhao Luo , Thuy-Trang Vu , Van-Anh Nguyen , Junae Kim , Gholamreza Haffari , Dinh Phung

Achieving consensus in group decision-making often involves overcoming significant challenges, particularly in reconciling diverse perspectives and mitigating biases that hinder agreement. Traditional methods relying on human facilitators…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-03-21 Loukas Triantafyllopoulos , Dimitris Kalles

Through alignment with human preferences, Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced significantly in generating honest, harmless, and helpful responses. However, collecting high-quality preference data is a resource-intensive and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Qingxiu Dong , Li Dong , Xingxing Zhang , Zhifang Sui , Furu Wei

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly store user preferences in persistent memory to support personalization across interactions. However, in third-party communication settings governed by social and institutional norms, some user…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-18 Sangyeon Yoon , Sunkyoung Kim , Hyesoo Hong , Wonje Jeung , Yongil Kim , Wooseok Seo , Heuiyeen Yeen , Albert No

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities but often struggle to align with human preferences, leading to harmful or undesirable outputs. Preference learning, which trains models to distinguish between preferred…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-16 Shawn Im , Sharon Li

Large language models (LLMs) have advanced conversational AI assistants. However, systematically evaluating how well these assistants apply personalization--adapting to individual user preferences while completing tasks--remains…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-12 Zheng Zhao , Clara Vania , Subhradeep Kayal , Naila Khan , Shay B. Cohen , Emine Yilmaz

As large language models (LLMs) are deployed globally, creating pluralistic systems that can accommodate the diverse preferences and values of users worldwide becomes essential. We introduce EVALUESTEER, a benchmark to measure LLMs' and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-13 Kshitish Ghate , Andy Liu , Devansh Jain , Taylor Sorensen , Atoosa Kasirzadeh , Aylin Caliskan , Mona T. Diab , Maarten Sap