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Parallel scaling has emerged as a powerful paradigm to enhance reasoning capabilities in large language models (LLMs) by generating multiple Chain-of-Thought (CoT) traces simultaneously. However, this approach introduces significant…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Shangqing Tu , Yaxuan Li , Yushi Bai , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

Large language models (LLMs) have shown limitations in tasks requiring complex logical reasoning and multi-step problem-solving. To address these challenges, researchers have employed carefully designed prompts and flowcharts, simulating…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-06 Changcheng Li , Xiangyu Wang , Qiuju Chen , Xiren Zhou , Huanhuan Chen

Chain of Thought (CoT) prompting improves the reasoning performance of large language models (LLMs) by encouraging step by step thinking. However, CoT-based methods depend on intermediate reasoning steps, which limits scalability and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-02 Guanghao Li , Wenhao Jiang , Mingfeng Chen , Yan Li , Hao Yu , Shuting Dong , Tao Ren , Ming Tang , Chun Yuan

Multi-step reasoning remains a key challenge for Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly in complex domains such as mathematics and creative writing. While recent approaches including ReAct, Reflexion, and Self-Refine improve reasoning…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-07 Abhishek HS , Pavan C Shekar , Arpit Jain , Ashwanth Krishnan

With the increasing capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), parallel reasoning has emerged as a new inference paradigm that enhances reasoning robustness by concurrently exploring multiple lines of thought before converging on a final…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-15 Ziqi Wang , Boye Niu , Zipeng Gao , Zhi Zheng , Tong Xu , Linghui Meng , Zhongli Li , Jing Liu , Yilong Chen , Chen Zhu , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang , Enhong Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in reasoning tasks, yet their reliance on static prompt structures and limited adaptability to complex scenarios remains a significant challenge. In this paper, we…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-07-09 Chengkun Cai , Xu Zhao , Haoliang Liu , Zhongyu Jiang , Tianfang Zhang , Zongkai Wu , Jenq-Neng Hwang , Lei Li

Transforming unstructured text into structured data is a complex task, requiring semantic understanding, reasoning, and structural comprehension. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer potential, they often struggle with handling…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-13 Rajmohan C , Sarthak Harne , Arvind Agarwal

Large language models (LLMs) now solve multi-step problems by emitting extended chains of thought. During the process, they often re-derive the same intermediate steps across problems, inflating token usage and latency. This saturation of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-17 Aniket Didolkar , Nicolas Ballas , Sanjeev Arora , Anirudh Goyal

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have shown that test-time scaling can substantially improve model performance on complex tasks, particularly in the coding domain. Under this paradigm, models use a larger token budget during…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Jiaxin Fang , Runyuan He , Sahil Bhatia , Neel Gajare , Alvin Cheung

Generating intermediate steps, or Chain of Thought (CoT), is an effective way to significantly improve language models' (LM) multi-step reasoning capability. However, the CoT lengths can grow rapidly with the problem complexity, easily…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-06-13 Soochan Lee , Gunhee Kim

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting enables large language models to solve complex reasoning problems by generating intermediate steps. However, confined by its inherent single-pass and sequential generation process, CoT heavily relies on the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-03 Jingyuan Qi , Zhiyang Xu , Ying Shen , Minqian Liu , Di Jin , Qifan Wang , Lifu Huang

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive reasoning capacities that mirror human-like thinking. However, whether LLMs possess genuine fluid intelligence (i.e., the ability to reason abstractly and…

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) achieve superior performance by extending the thought length. However, a lengthy thinking trajectory leads to reduced efficiency. Most of the existing methods are stuck in the assumption of overthinking and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Xiaoang Xu , Shuo Wang , Xu Han , Zhenghao Liu , Huijia Wu , Peipei Li , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun , Zhaofeng He

Large language models (LLMs) with billions of parameters exhibit in-context learning abilities, enabling few-shot learning on tasks that the model was not specifically trained for. Traditional models achieve breakthrough performance on…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Aske Plaat , Annie Wong , Suzan Verberne , Joost Broekens , Niki van Stein , Thomas Back

Temporal reasoning in multi-session dialogues presents a significant challenge which has been under-studied in previous temporal reasoning benchmarks. To bridge this gap, we propose a new evaluation task for temporal reasoning in…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-09-26 Yubin Ge , Salvatore Romeo , Jason Cai , Raphael Shu , Monica Sunkara , Yassine Benajiba , Yi Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong reasoning capabilities across various tasks. However, even minor variations in query phrasing, despite preserving the underlying semantic meaning, can significantly affect their…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-26 Yihang Yao , Zhepeng Cen , Miao Li , William Han , Yuyou Zhang , Emerson Liu , Zuxin Liu , Chuang Gan , Ding Zhao

We propose cognitive prompting as a novel approach to guide problem-solving in large language models (LLMs) through structured, human-like cognitive operations, such as goal clarification, decomposition, filtering, abstraction, and pattern…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-03 Oliver Kramer , Jill Baumann

Thinking Large Language Models (LLMs) generate explicit intermediate reasoning traces before final answers, potentially improving transparency, interpretability, and solution accuracy for code generation. However, the quality of these…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Haoran Xue , Gias Uddin , Song Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for generating coherent text, understanding context, and performing reasoning tasks. However, they struggle with temporal reasoning, which requires processing time-related…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-02 Adrián Bazaga , Rexhina Blloshmi , Bill Byrne , Adrià de Gispert

Agentic code generation requires large language models (LLMs) capable of complex context management and multi-step reasoning. Prior multi-agent frameworks attempt to address these challenges through collaboration, yet they often suffer from…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Ming-Tung Shen , Yuh-Jzer Joung