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Homomorphic encryption (HE) offers data confidentiality by executing queries directly on encrypted fields in the database-as-a-service (DaaS) paradigm. While fully HE exhibits great expressiveness but prohibitive performance overhead, a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-11-23 Dongfang Zhao

In today's data-driven world, recommendation systems personalize user experiences across industries but rely on sensitive data, raising privacy concerns. Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) can secure these systems, but a significant…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-04 Moontaha Nishat Chowdhury , André Bauer , Minxuan Zhou

Homomorphic encryption (HE) enables computations directly on encrypted data, offering strong cryptographic guarantees for secure and privacy-preserving data storage and query execution. However, despite its theoretical power, practical…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2026-03-02 Boram Jung , Yuliang Li , Hung-Wei Tseng

Federated Learning (FL) is susceptible to privacy attacks, such as data reconstruction attacks, in which a semi-honest server or a malicious client infers information about other clients' datasets from their model updates or gradients. To…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-22 Abdullah Al Omar , Xin Yang , Euijin Choo , Omid Ardakanian

Large language models (LLMs) power modern AI applications, but processing sensitive data on untrusted servers raises privacy concerns. Homomorphic encryption (HE) enables computation on encrypted data for secure inference. However, neural…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-19 Matan Avitan , Moran Baruch , Nir Drucker , Itamar Zimerman , Yoav Goldberg

Privacy-preserving machine learning (PPML) is an emerging topic to handle secure machine learning inference over sensitive data in untrusted environments. Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) enables computation directly on encrypted data on…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-24 Yu Hin Chan , Hao Yang , Shiyu Shen , Xingyu Fan , Shengzhe Lyu , Patrick S. Y. Hung , Ray C. C. Cheung

Privacy protection has become an increasing concern in modern machine learning applications. Privacy-preserving machine learning (PPML) has attracted growing research attention, with approaches such as secure multiparty computation (MPC)…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-22 Pengzhi Huang , Kiwan Maeng , G. Edward Suh

Generative large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized multiple domains. Modern LLMs predominantly rely on an autoregressive decoding strategy, which generates output tokens sequentially and employs a key-value cache (KV cache) to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Ye Yu , Yifan Zhou , Yi Chen , Pedro Soto , Wenjie Xiong , Meng Li

In a private database query scheme (PDQ), a server maintains a database, and users send queries to retrieve records of interest from the server while keeping their queries private. A crucial step in PDQ protocols based on homomorphic…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-09-02 Jung Hee Cheon , Keewoo Lee , Jai Hyun Park , Yongdong Yeo

In today's data-driven analytics landscape, deep learning has become a powerful tool, with latent representations, known as embeddings, playing a central role in several applications. In the face analytics domain, such embeddings are…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Arjun Ramesh Kaushik , Bharat Chandra Yalavarthi , Arun Ross , Vishnu Boddeti , Nalini Ratha

Large Language Models (LLMs) have pushed the frontier of artificial intelligence but are comprised of hundreds of billions of parameters and operations. For faster inference latency, LLMs are deployed on multiple hardware accelerators…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-07 Jan Hansen-Palmus , Michael Truong Le , Oliver Hausdörfer , Alok Verma

End users face a choice between privacy and efficiency in current Large Language Model (LLM) service paradigms. In cloud-based paradigms, users are forced to compromise data locality for generation quality and processing speed. Conversely,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-11-27 Yiming Wang , Yu Lin , Xiaodong Zeng , Guannan Zhang

Decentralized LLM inference distributes computation among heterogeneous nodes across the internet, offering a performant and cost-efficient solution, alternative to traditional centralized inference. However, the low cross-node network…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-05-06 Jiu Chen , Shuangyan Yang , Xu Xiong , Hexiao Duan , Xinran Zhang , Jie Ren , Dong Li

The advent of large language models (LLMs) capable of producing general-purpose representations lets us revisit the practicality of deep active learning (AL): By leveraging frozen LLM embeddings, we can mitigate the computational costs of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Lukas Rauch , Moritz Wirth , Denis Huseljic , Marek Herde , Bernhard Sick , Matthias Aßenmacher

The large language model era urges faster and less costly inference. Prior model compression works on LLMs tend to undertake a software-centric approach primarily focused on the simulated quantization performance. By neglecting the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-17 Qingyuan Li , Ran Meng , Yiduo Li , Bo Zhang , Liang Li , Yifan Lu , Xiangxiang Chu , Yerui Sun , Yuchen Xie

Modern cryptographic methods for implementing privacy-preserving LLMs such as \gls{HE} require the LLMs to have a polynomial form. Forming such a representation is challenging because transformers include non-polynomial components, such as…

While homomorphic encryption (HE) provides strong privacy protection, its high computational cost has restricted its application to simple tasks. Recently, hyperdimensional computing (HDC) applied to HE has shown promising performance for…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Jaewoo Park , Chenghao Quan , Jongeun Lee

It is increasingly important to enable privacy-preserving inference for cloud services based on Transformers. Post-quantum cryptographic techniques, e.g., fully homomorphic encryption (FHE), and multi-party computation (MPC), are popular…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-03-27 Mengxin Zheng , Qian Lou , Lei Jiang

Transformer inference in machine-learning-as-a-service (MLaaS) raises privacy concerns for sensitive user inputs. Prior secure solutions that combine fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) and secure multiparty computation (MPC) are…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Yufan Zhu , Chao Jin , Khin Mi Mi Aung , Xiaokui Xiao

We introduce a deep learning framework able to deal with strong privacy constraints. Based on collaborative learning, differential privacy and homomorphic encryption, the proposed approach advances state-of-the-art of private deep learning…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-03-29 Arnaud Grivet Sébert , Rafael Pinot , Martin Zuber , Cédric Gouy-Pailler , Renaud Sirdey