相关论文: Refractive index for the mechanical refraction of …
In light refraction between two transparent media, Snell's law describes the relationship between the incident angle and refraction angle. The refractive index is usually determined from Snell's law using the minimum deviation angle through…
Refraction at the interface between two materials is fundamental to the interaction of light with photonic devices and to the propagation of light through the atmosphere at large. Underpinning the traditional rules for the refraction of an…
We investigate the motion of a massive particle constrained to move along a path consisting of two line segments on a vertical plane under an arbitrary conservative force. By fixing the starting and end points of the track and varying the…
In our work we theoretically demonstrate a refractive index mapping to enable optical analogues to celestial mechanics, where is possible to achieve light confinement and trapping by means of a static, and planar, refractive index mapping…
This paper describes the spherical concave mirror method for measuring the index of refraction of transparent liquids. We derived the refractive index equation using Snell's law and the small-angle approximation. We also verified the…
We describe local light-ray rotation in terms of complex refractive indices. We show that Fermat's principle holds, and we derive an extended Snell's law. The change in the angle of a light ray with respect to the normal to a…
The dynamics of an electron driven by arbitrary plane wave laser radiation is formulated as a relativistically and mathematically exact refraction process based on an exact index of refraction. This reformulation leads to that index as an…
Previous studies on spacetime index of refraction are mostly restricted to the static spacetimes. In this study we fill this gap by introducing the refractive index for full stationary spacetimes, employing three different approaches. These…
Light-absorbing materials are widely used, and their optical properties are an important factor. Snell's law does not hold in materials that partially absorb light. Hence, the optical path in refraction is calculated from Maxwell's law. We…
We investigate the role of retardation corrections to polarizability and to refractive index. We found that the classical electromagnetic theory of dielectrics requires corresponding modifications in terms of nonlocality of the dielectric…
The refractive index of a dielectric medium comprising both passive and inverted components in its permittivity was determined using two methods: (i) in the time domain, a finite-difference algorithm to compute the frequency-domain…
The optical refractive index of a moving regular medium is calculated by using the Lorentz transformation in this note. It is shown that in some velocity region of medium moving relative to the initial frame K, the moving medium may possess…
We show that applying the Lorentz-Lorenz transformation to the refractive index of metals, semiconductors and insulators allows for a less empirical modeling of this refractive index.
In the 17th and 18th centuries, several natural philosophers studied the phenomenon of refraction and attempted to obtain the Snell law from various assumptions. Lacking experimental data, it was generally believed that light travels faster…
The electric permittivities and magnetic permeabilities for a relativistic electron gas are calculated from quantum electrodynamics at finite temperature and density as functions of temperature, chemical potential, frequency, and…
It is shown that change in transverse momentum of a relativistic particle, crossing an accelerating cavity parallel to its axis, may be presented as an integral over trajectory, the integrand of which is proportional to the component of…
We show that a gas of relativistic electrons is a left-handed material at low frequencies by computing the effective electric permittivity and effective magnetic permeability that appear in Maxwell's equations in terms of the responses…
A wedge-shaped structure made of split-ring resonators (SRR) and wires is numerically simulated to evaluate its refraction behavior. Four frequency bands, namely, the stop band, left-handed band, ultralow-index band, and positive-index…
The general reflection and refraction laws at the metasurface with the abrupt phase shift were derived by two different methods of Fermat's principle and the boundary conditions respectively. It is found that one or two critical angles for…
Classical mechanics and geometrical optics are deeply connected with each other. In this work, we generalize the analogy between these two disciplines to relativistic conditions. Using this analogy, we are able to make light follow the…