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Pre-trained language models have achieved remarkable success across a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks, particularly when fine-tuned on large, domain-relevant datasets. However, they remain vulnerable to backdoor…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 Anindya Sundar Das , Kangjie Chen , Monowar Bhuyan

Deep learning achieves outstanding results in many machine learning tasks. Nevertheless, it is vulnerable to backdoor attacks that modify the training set to embed a secret functionality in the trained model. The modified training samples…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-04-24 Gorka Abad , Jing Xu , Stefanos Koffas , Behrad Tajalli , Stjepan Picek , Mauro Conti

The widespread adoption of deep learning across various industries has introduced substantial challenges, particularly in terms of model explainability and security. The inherent complexity of deep learning models, while contributing to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-01-08 Kealan Dunnett , Reza Arablouei , Dimity Miller , Volkan Dedeoglu , Raja Jurdak

With the thriving of deep learning and the widespread practice of using pre-trained networks, backdoor attacks have become an increasing security threat drawing many research interests in recent years. A third-party model can be poisoned in…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-03-05 Anh Nguyen , Anh Tran

Multimodal contrastive learning has emerged as a powerful paradigm for building high-quality features using the complementary strengths of various data modalities. However, the open nature of such systems inadvertently increases the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-03-26 Siyuan Liang , Kuanrong Liu , Jiajun Gong , Jiawei Liang , Yuan Xun , Ee-Chien Chang , Xiaochun Cao

Deep anomaly detection on sequential data has garnered significant attention due to the wide application scenarios. However, deep learning-based models face a critical security threat - their vulnerability to backdoor attacks. In this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-19 He Cheng , Shuhan Yuan

In this brief, we show that sequentially learning new information presented to a continual (incremental) learning model introduces new security risks: an intelligent adversary can introduce small amount of misinformation to the model during…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-02-10 Muhammad Umer , Robi Polikar

This work explores backdoor attacks for automatic speech recognition systems where we inject inaudible triggers. By doing so, we make the backdoor attack challenging to detect for legitimate users, and thus, potentially more dangerous. We…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-05-30 Stefanos Koffas , Jing Xu , Mauro Conti , Stjepan Picek

Backdoor attacks pose a critical threat to the security of deep neural networks, yet existing efforts on universal backdoors often rely on visually salient patterns, making them easier to detect and less practical at scale. In this work, we…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Hsin Lin , Yan-Lun Chen , Ren-Hung Hwang , Chia-Mu Yu

Backdoor attacks are an insidious security threat against machine learning models. Adversaries can manipulate the predictions of compromised models by inserting triggers into the training phase. Various backdoor attacks have been devised…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-29 Xuanli He , Jun Wang , Benjamin Rubinstein , Trevor Cohn

Recent work has proposed the concept of backdoor attacks on deep neural networks (DNNs), where misbehaviors are hidden inside "normal" models, only to be triggered by very specific inputs. In practice, however, these attacks are difficult…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-05-28 Yuanshun Yao , Huiying Li , Haitao Zheng , Ben Y. Zhao

Object detectors, which are widely used in real-world applications, are vulnerable to backdoor attacks. This vulnerability arises because many users rely on datasets or pre-trained models provided by third parties due to constraints on data…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-11-26 Zhiying Li , Zhi Liu , Guanggang Geng , Shreyank N Gowda , Shuyuan Lin , Jian Weng , Xiaobo Jin

Multimodal contrastive learning uses various data modalities to create high-quality features, but its reliance on extensive data sources on the Internet makes it vulnerable to backdoor attacks. These attacks insert malicious behaviors…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-10-01 Kuanrong Liu , Siyuan Liang , Jiawei Liang , Pengwen Dai , Xiaochun Cao

Backdoor attack poses a significant security threat to Deep Learning applications. Existing attacks are often not evasive to established backdoor detection techniques. This susceptibility primarily stems from the fact that these attacks…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-03-27 Siyuan Cheng , Guanhong Tao , Yingqi Liu , Guangyu Shen , Shengwei An , Shiwei Feng , Xiangzhe Xu , Kaiyuan Zhang , Shiqing Ma , Xiangyu Zhang

Backdoor attacks pose a serious threat to the security of large language models (LLMs), causing them to exhibit anomalous behavior under specific trigger conditions. The design of backdoor triggers has evolved from fixed triggers to dynamic…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-15 Haotian Jin , Yang Li , Haihui Fan , Lin Shen , Xiangfang Li , Bo Li

Contrastive Learning (CL) has attracted enormous attention due to its remarkable capability in unsupervised representation learning. However, recent works have revealed the vulnerability of CL to backdoor attacks: the feature extractor…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-04-12 Weiyu Sun , Xinyu Zhang , Hao Lu , Yingcong Chen , Ting Wang , Jinghui Chen , Lu Lin

Machine learning backdoors have the property that the machine learning model should work as expected on normal inputs, but when the input contains a specific $\textit{trigger}$, it behaves as the attacker desires. Detecting such triggers…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-12 Eirik Høyheim , Magnus Wiik Eckhoff , Gudmund Grov , Robert Flood , David Aspinall

Because state-of-the-art language models are expensive to train, most practitioners must make use of one of the few publicly available language models or language model APIs. This consolidation of trust increases the potency of backdoor…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-07-28 Nikhil Kandpal , Matthew Jagielski , Florian Tramèr , Nicholas Carlini

Machine learning is vulnerable to adversarial manipulation. Previous literature has demonstrated that at the training stage attackers can manipulate data and data sampling procedures to control model behaviour. A common attack goal is to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-06-17 Mikel Bober-Irizar , Ilia Shumailov , Yiren Zhao , Robert Mullins , Nicolas Papernot

Recently, it has been shown that deep learning models are vulnerable to Trojan attacks, where an attacker can install a backdoor during training time to make the resultant model misidentify samples contaminated with a small trigger patch.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-06-11 Haripriya Harikumar , Vuong Le , Santu Rana , Sourangshu Bhattacharya , Sunil Gupta , Svetha Venkatesh