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We introduce a novel alignment method for diffusion models from distribution optimization perspectives while providing rigorous convergence guarantees. We first formulate the problem as a generic regularized loss minimization over…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-07 Ryotaro Kawata , Kazusato Oko , Atsushi Nitanda , Taiji Suzuki

Language Model (LM)-based speech enhancement (SE) has recently emerged as a promising direction, but existing approaches predominantly rely on token-level likelihood objectives that weakly reflect human perception. This mismatch limits…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-01-21 Haoyang Li , Nana Hou , Yuchen Hu , Jixun Yao , Sabato Marco Siniscalchi , Xuyi Zhuang , Deheng Ye , Wei Yang , Eng Siong Chng

Diffusion Large Language Models (dLLMs) introduce a new paradigm for language generation, which in turn presents new challenges for aligning them with human preferences. In this work, we aim to improve the policy optimization for dLLMs by…

Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF) has become crucial for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human intent. However, existing offline RLHF approaches suffer from overoptimization, where language models degrade by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-20 Sharan Sahu , Martin T. Wells

Diffusion-based large language models offer a non-autoregressive alternative for text generation, but enabling them to perform complex reasoning remains challenging. Reinforcement learning has recently emerged as an effective post-training…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Shaoan Xie , Lingjing Kong , Xiangchen Song , Xinshuai Dong , Guangyi Chen , Eric P. Xing , Kun Zhang

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a central paradigm for advancing Large Language Models (LLMs), where pre-training and RL post-training share the same log-likelihood formulation. In contrast, recent RL approaches for diffusion…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Shuchen Xue , Chongjian Ge , Shilong Zhang , Yichen Li , Zhi-Ming Ma

Diffusion models can be improved with additional guidance towards more effective representations of input. Indeed, prior empirical work has already shown that aligning internal representations of the diffusion model with those of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Chenyu Wang , Cai Zhou , Sharut Gupta , Zongyu Lin , Stefanie Jegelka , Stephen Bates , Tommi Jaakkola

Instruction-based image editing has made a great process in using natural human language to manipulate the visual content of images. However, existing models are limited by the quality of the dataset and cannot accurately localize editing…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-06-17 Tiancheng Li , Jinxiu Liu , Huajun Chen , Qi Liu

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has emerged as a predominant alignment method for diffusion models, facilitating off-policy training without explicit reward modeling. However, its reliance on large-scale, high-quality human preference…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-09 Khiem Pham , Quang Nguyen , Tung Nguyen , Jingsen Zhu , Michele Santacatterina , Dimitris Metaxas , Ramin Zabih

Aligning generative models with human preference via RLHF typically suffers from overoptimization, where an imperfectly learned reward model can misguide the generative model to output undesired responses. We investigate this problem in a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-05 Zhihan Liu , Miao Lu , Shenao Zhang , Boyi Liu , Hongyi Guo , Yingxiang Yang , Jose Blanchet , Zhaoran Wang

Diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable success in various visual generation tasks, including image, video, and 3D content generation. Preference optimization (PO) is a prominent and growing area of research that aims to align these…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Fu-Yun Wang , Keqiang Sun , Yao Teng , Xihui Liu , Jiale Yuan , Jiaming Song , Hongsheng Li

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has become a cornerstone for aligning large language models with human preferences. However, the heterogeneity of human feedback, driven by diverse individual contexts and preferences, poses…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-03-05 Seong Jin Lee , Will Wei Sun , Yufeng Liu

The ability to train high-performing reward models with few-shot data is critical for enhancing the efficiency and scalability of Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF). We propose a data augmentation and expansion framework that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-11 Yiyang Zhao , Huiyu Bai , Xuejiao Zhao

Diffusion models have recently emerged as expressive policy representations for online reinforcement learning (RL). However, their iterative generative processes introduce substantial training and inference overhead. To overcome this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Xiaoyi Dong , Xi Sheryl Zhang , Jian Cheng

This study addresses gender bias in image generation models using Reinforcement Learning from Artificial Intelligence Feedback (RLAIF) with a novel Denoising Diffusion Policy Optimization (DDPO) pipeline. By employing a pretrained stable…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-07-16 Xin Chen , Virgile Foussereau

Advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning have significantly improved synthetic speech generation. This paper explores diffusion models, a novel method for creating realistic synthetic speech. We create a diffusion…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-01-15 Anton Firc , Kamil Malinka , Petr Hanáček

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has proven effective in aligning large language models with human preferences, inspiring the development of reward-centric diffusion reinforcement learning (RDRL) to achieve similar…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Kwanyoung Kim , Byeongsu Sim

In this paper, we take a step towards a deeper understanding of learning from human preferences by systematically comparing the paradigm of reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) with the recently proposed paradigm of direct…

We apply preference modeling and reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) to finetune language models to act as helpful and harmless assistants. We find this alignment training improves performance on almost all NLP evaluations,…

Diffusion models have recently shown strong potential in language modeling, offering faster generation compared to traditional autoregressive approaches. However, applying supervised fine-tuning (SFT) to diffusion models remains…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Guowei Xu , Wenxin Xu , Jiawang Zhao , Kaisheng Ma