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Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance but entail significant memory and computational costs, restricting their practical deployment. While existing INT4/INT8 quantization reduces these costs, they often degrade…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Hao Zhang , Aining Jia , Weifeng Bu , Yushu Cai , Kai Sheng , Hao Chen , Xin He

Quantization is a powerful tool for accelerating large language model (LLM) inference, but the accuracy-performance trade-offs across different formats remain unclear. In this paper, we conduct the most comprehensive empirical study to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Eldar Kurtic , Alexandre Marques , Shubhra Pandit , Mark Kurtz , Dan Alistarh

We introduce a method that dramatically reduces fine-tuning VRAM requirements and rectifies quantization errors in quantized Large Language Models. First, we develop an extremely memory-efficient fine-tuning (EMEF) method for quantized…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-06-16 Yuji Chai , John Gkountouras , Glenn G. Ko , David Brooks , Gu-Yeon Wei

Post-training quantization (PTQ) serves as a potent technique to accelerate the inference of large language models (LLMs). Nonetheless, existing works still necessitate a considerable number of floating-point (FP) operations during…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-06 Xing Hu , Yuan Cheng , Dawei Yang , Zhihang Yuan , Jiangyong Yu , Chen Xu , Sifan Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive abilities in various domains while the inference cost is expensive. Many previous studies exploit quantization methods to reduce LLM inference cost by reducing latency and memory…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-12 Jinhao Li , Jiaming Xu , Shiyao Li , Shan Huang , Jun Liu , Yaoxiu Lian , Guohao Dai

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of quantization techniques for optimizing Large Language Models (LLMs), specifically focusing on Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) and Quantization-Aware Training (QAT). Through empirical…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-12 Jahid Hasan

The inference of Large language models (LLMs) requires immense computation and memory resources. To curtail these costs, quantisation has merged as a promising solution, but existing LLM quantisation mainly focuses on 8-bit. In this work,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-15 Cheng Zhang , Jianyi Cheng , Ilia Shumailov , George A. Constantinides , Yiren Zhao

This study examines 4-bit quantization methods like GPTQ in large language models (LLMs), highlighting GPTQ's overfitting and limited enhancement in Zero-Shot tasks. While prior works merely focusing on zero-shot measurement, we extend task…

The immense computational cost of training Large Language Models (LLMs) presents a major barrier to innovation. While FP8 training offers a promising solution with significant theoretical efficiency gains, its widespread adoption has been…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-20 Wenjun Wang , Shuo Cai , Congkai Xie , Mingfa Feng , Yiming Zhang , Zhen Li , Kejing Yang , Ming Li , Jiannong Cao , Hongxia Yang

With the rapid growth in the use of fine-tuning for large language models (LLMs), optimizing fine-tuning while keeping inference efficient has become highly important. However, this is a challenging task as it requires improvements in all…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-14 Changhun Lee , Jun-gyu Jin , Younghyun Cho , Eunhyeok Park

Large Language Models (LLMs) stand out for their impressive performance in intricate language modeling tasks. However, their demanding computational and memory needs pose obstacles for broad use on edge devices. Quantization is then…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-22 Xuan Shen , Peiyan Dong , Lei Lu , Zhenglun Kong , Zhengang Li , Ming Lin , Chao Wu , Yanzhi Wang

Large language models (LLMs) show excellent performance but are compute- and memory-intensive. Quantization can reduce memory and accelerate inference. However, existing methods cannot maintain accuracy and hardware efficiency at the same…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-03 Guangxuan Xiao , Ji Lin , Mickael Seznec , Hao Wu , Julien Demouth , Song Han

Large Language Models (LLMs) pose significant hardware challenges related to memory requirements and computational ability. There are two mainstream quantization schemes for LLMs: coarse-grained ($\textit{e.g.,}$ channel-wise) quantization…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-10-10 Luoming Zhang , Wen Fei , Weijia Wu , Yefei He , Zhenyu Lou , Hong Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed natural-language processing, yet their scale makes real-world deployment costly. Post-training quantization reduces memory and computation but often degrades accuracy, while quantization-aware…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-15 Cody Steinmetz , Gavin Childress , Aaron Herbst , Gavin Jones , Jasdeep Singh , Eli Vang , Keagan Weinstock

Fine-tuning pre-trained diffusion models under limited budgets has gained great success. In particular, the recent advances that directly fine-tune the quantized weights using Low-rank Adaptation (LoRA) further reduces training costs.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Hang Guo , Yawei Li , Tao Dai , Shu-Tao Xia , Luca Benini

The advent of large language models (LLMs) capable of producing general-purpose representations lets us revisit the practicality of deep active learning (AL): By leveraging frozen LLM embeddings, we can mitigate the computational costs of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Lukas Rauch , Moritz Wirth , Denis Huseljic , Marek Herde , Bernhard Sick , Matthias Aßenmacher

Using Large Language Models (LLMs) in real-world applications presents significant challenges, particularly in balancing computational efficiency with model performance. Optimizing acceleration after fine-tuning and during inference is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-09 Sajjad Kachuee , Mohammad Sharifkhani

Serverless computing has emerged as a compelling solution for cloud-based model inference. However, as modern large language models (LLMs) continue to grow in size, existing serverless platforms often face substantial model startup…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-03-09 Minchen Yu , Rui Yang , Chaobo Jia , Zhaoyuan Su , Sheng Yao , Tingfeng Lan , Yuchen Yang , Zirui Wang , Yue Cheng , Wei Wang , Ao Wang , Ruichuan Chen

Recent advancements in fine-tuning proprietary language models enable customized applications across various domains but also introduce two major challenges: high resource demands and security risks. Regarding resource demands, recent work…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-12-02 Yule Liu , Zhen Sun , Xinlei He , Xinyi Huang

In the era of large-scale language models, the substantial parameter size poses significant challenges for deployment. Being a prevalent compression technique, quantization has emerged as the mainstream practice to tackle this issue, which…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-08-31 Qingyuan Li , Yifan Zhang , Liang Li , Peng Yao , Bo Zhang , Xiangxiang Chu , Yerui Sun , Li Du , Yuchen Xie
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