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Visual anomaly detection in real-world industrial settings faces two major limitations. First, most existing methods are trained on purely normal data or on unlabeled datasets assumed to be predominantly normal, presuming the absence of…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-05 Anindya Sundar Das , Monowar Bhuyan

Multi-class unsupervised anomaly detection (MUAD) has garnered growing research interest, as it seeks to develop a unified model for anomaly detection across multiple classes, i.e., eliminating the need to train separate models for distinct…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-31 Peng Tang , Xiaobin Hu , Tingcheng Li , Yang Nan , Tobias Lasser , Hongwei Bran Li

3D anomaly detection targets the detection and localization of defects in 3D point clouds trained solely on normal data. While a unified model improves scalability by learning across multiple categories, it often suffers from Inter-Category…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-27 SuYeon Kim , Wongyu Lee , MyeongAh Cho

Prototype-based reconstruction methods for unsupervised anomaly detection utilize a limited set of learnable prototypes which only aggregates insufficient normal information, resulting in undesirable reconstruction. However, increasing the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-06-25 Ziqing Zhou , Yurui Pan , Lidong Wang , Wenbing Zhu , Mingmin Chi , Dong Wu , Bo Peng

Multi-class anomaly detection aims to build unified models across diverse product categories. However, as the number of categories grows, its performance often degrades due to increasingly complex and heterogeneous normal distributions. To…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Yaoxuan Feng , Yuxin Li , Weijiang Lv , Zixuan Zhao , Yubiao Wang , Wenchao Chen , Bo Chen , Hongwei Liu

One pivot challenge for image anomaly (AD) detection is to learn discriminative information only from normal class training images. Most image reconstruction based AD methods rely on the discriminative capability of reconstruction error.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-07-21 Dongyun Lin , Yiqun Li , Shudong Xie , Tin Lay Nwe , Sheng Dong

Unsupervised image Anomaly Detection (UAD) aims to learn robust and discriminative representations of normal samples. While separate solutions per class endow expensive computation and limited generalizability, this paper focuses on…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-10-24 Ruiying Lu , YuJie Wu , Long Tian , Dongsheng Wang , Bo Chen , Xiyang Liu , Ruimin Hu

Anomaly detection (AD) plays an important role in various real-world applications. Recent advancements in AD, however, are often biased towards industrial inspection, struggle to generalize to broader tasks like semantic anomaly detection…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Hangil Park , Yongmin Seo , Tae-Kyun Kim

Semi-supervised anomaly detection (SSAD) methods have demonstrated their effectiveness in enhancing unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) by leveraging few-shot but instructive abnormal instances. However, the dominance of homogeneous normal…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-09-07 Yixuan Zhou , Peiyu Yang , Yi Qu , Xing Xu , Zhe Sun , Andrzej Cichocki

With the wide application of knowledge distillation between an ImageNet pre-trained teacher model and a learnable student model, unsupervised anomaly detection has witnessed a significant achievement in the past few years. The success of…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-07 Canhui Tang , Sanping Zhou , Yizhe Li , Yonghao Dong , Le Wang

We study anomaly detection for the case when the normal class consists of more than one object category. This is an obvious generalization of the standard one-class anomaly detection problem. However, we show that jointly using multiple…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-11-30 Suresh Singh , Minwei Luo , Yu Li

Due to the intractability of characterizing everything that looks unlike the normal data, anomaly detection (AD) is traditionally treated as an unsupervised problem utilizing only normal samples. However, it has recently been found that…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-01-29 Philipp Liznerski , Lukas Ruff , Robert A. Vandermeulen , Billy Joe Franks , Klaus-Robert Müller , Marius Kloft

Recent advances in unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) have shifted from single-class to multi-class scenarios. In such complex contexts, the increasing pattern diversity has brought two challenges to reconstruction-based approaches: (1)…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-04-22 Jingyu Xing , Chenwei Tang , Tao Wang , Rong Xiao , Wei Ju , Ji-Zhe Zhou , Liangli Zhen , Jiancheng Lv

Reconstruction-based methods play an important role in unsupervised anomaly detection in images. Ideally, we expect a perfect reconstruction for normal samples and poor reconstruction for abnormal samples. Since the generalizability of deep…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-07-29 Jinlei Hou , Yingying Zhang , Qiaoyong Zhong , Di Xie , Shiliang Pu , Hong Zhou

Within (semi-)automated visual inspection, learning-based approaches for assessing visual defects, including deep neural networks, enable the processing of otherwise small defect patterns in pixel size on high-resolution imagery. The…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-01-18 André Luiz B. Vieira e Silva , Francisco Simões , Danny Kowerko , Tobias Schlosser , Felipe Battisti , Veronica Teichrieb

Most advanced unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) methods rely on modeling feature representations of frozen encoder networks pre-trained on large-scale datasets, e.g. ImageNet. However, the features extracted from the encoders that are…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-10-25 Jia Guo , Shuai Lu , Lize Jia , Weihang Zhang , Huiqi Li

This paper explores the problem of class-agnostic anomaly detection (AD), where the objective is to train one class-agnostic AD model that can generalize to detect anomalies in diverse new classes from different domains without any…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Xincheng Yao , Chao Shi , Muming Zhao , Guangtao Zhai , Chongyang Zhang

Most deep anomaly detection models are based on learning normality from datasets due to the difficulty of defining abnormality by its diverse and inconsistent nature. Therefore, it has been a common practice to learn normality under the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-09-19 Minkyung Kim , Jongmin Yu , Junsik Kim , Tae-Hyun Oh , Jun Kyun Choi

Anomaly detection has garnered extensive applications in real industrial manufacturing due to its remarkable effectiveness and efficiency. However, previous generative-based models have been limited by suboptimal reconstruction quality,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Hui Zhang , Zheng Wang , Dan Zeng , Zuxuan Wu , Yu-Gang Jiang

Unsupervised anomaly detection plays a pivotal role in industrial defect inspection and medical image analysis, with most methods relying on the reconstruction framework. However, these methods may suffer from over-generalization, enabling…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-25 Wei Luo , Peng Xing , Yunkang Cao , Haiming Yao , Weiming Shen , Zechao Li