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LLM-driven agents are capable of selecting external tools to complete users' tasks. However, attackers could compromise such process, steering agents toward inappropriate/wrong tools and enabling malicious actions. Most existing attacks…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Xuanye Zhang , Yongsen Zheng , Zhuqin Xu , Kaiyu Zhou , Bowen Shen , Haoran Ou , Tianwei Zhang , Kwok-Yan Lam

Prompt engineering, as an efficient and effective way to leverage Large Language Models (LLM), has drawn a lot of attention from the research community. The existing research primarily emphasizes the importance of adapting prompts to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-08 Yuyan Chen , Zhihao Wen , Ge Fan , Zhengyu Chen , Wei Wu , Dayiheng Liu , Zhixu Li , Bang Liu , Yanghua Xiao

Previous works in prompt engineering for large language models have introduced different gradient-free probability-based prompt selection methods that aim to choose the optimal prompt among the candidates for a given task but have failed to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-11 Sohee Yang , Jonghyeon Kim , Joel Jang , Seonghyeon Ye , Hyunji Lee , Minjoon Seo

Translation-based prompting is widely used in multilingual LLMs, yet its effectiveness varies across languages and tasks. We evaluate prompting strategies across ten languages of different resource levels and four benchmarks. Our analysis…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-22 Wei-Chi Wu , Sheng-Lun Wei , Hen-Hsen Huang , Hsin-Hsi Chen

Large Language Model (LLM) Agents are an emerging computing paradigm that blends generative machine learning with tools such as code interpreters, web browsing, email, and more generally, external resources. These agent-based systems…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-10-23 Xiaohan Fu , Shuheng Li , Zihan Wang , Yihao Liu , Rajesh K. Gupta , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick , Earlence Fernandes

The cold-start user issue further compromises the effectiveness of recommender systems in limiting access to the historical behavioral information. It is an effective pipeline to optimize instructional prompts on a few-shot large language…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-09-12 Haowei Yang , Yushang Zhao , Sitao Min , Bo Su , Chao Yao , Wei Xu

Prompt optimization has often been framed as a discrete search problem to find high-performing and robust instructions for an LLM. However, the search result might not make it transparent why and where specific prompt changes lead to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Jiahui Li , Yarik Menchaca Resendiz , Sean Papay , Roman Klinger

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown outstanding performance across a variety of tasks, partly due to advanced prompting techniques. However, these techniques often require lengthy prompts, which increase computational costs and can…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-16 Jinwu Hu , Wei Zhang , Yufeng Wang , Yu Hu , Bin Xiao , Mingkui Tan , Qing Du

Finding effective prompts for language models (LMs) is critical yet notoriously difficult: the prompt space is combinatorially large, rewards are sparse due to expensive target-LM evaluation. Yet, existing RL-based prompt optimizers often…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Junmo Cho , Suhan Kim , Sangjune An , Minsu Kim , Dong Bok Lee , Heejun Lee , Sung Ju Hwang , Hae Beom Lee

Comprehensive planning agents have been a long term goal in the field of artificial intelligence. Recent innovations in Natural Language Processing have yielded success through the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs). We seek to improve…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-07-30 Annabelle Miin , Timothy Wei

Automatic prompt optimization is a promising approach for adapting large language models (LLMs) to downstream tasks, yet existing methods typically search for a specific prompt specialized to a fixed task. This paradigm limits…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Guanbao Liang , Yuanchen Bei , Sheng Zhou , Yuheng Qin , Huan Zhou , Bingxin Jia , Bin Li , Jiajun Bu

Prompting and fine-tuning have emerged as two competing paradigms for augmenting language models with new capabilities, such as the use of tools. Prompting approaches are quick to set up but rely on providing explicit demonstrations of each…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-10 Damien de Mijolla , Wen Yang , Philippa Duckett , Christopher Frye , Mark Worrall

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in settings where Chain-of-Thought (CoT) is interpreted by users. This creates a new safety risk: attackers may manipulate the model's observable CoT to make malicious behaviors. In…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-13 Wenhan Chang , Tianqing Zhu , Ping Xiong , Faqian Guan , Wanlei Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely adopted in applications such as automated content generation and even critical decision-making systems. However, the risk of prompt injection allows for potential manipulation of LLM outputs.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-25 Jiashuo Liang , Guancheng Li , Yang Yu

LLM-based programming assistants offer the promise of programming faster but with the risk of introducing more security vulnerabilities. Prior work has studied how LLMs could be maliciously fine-tuned to suggest vulnerabilities more often.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-07-17 John Heibel , Daniel Lowd

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, encounter `jailbreak' challenges, wherein safeguards are circumvented to generate ethically harmful prompts. This study introduces a straightforward black-box method for efficiently crafting…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-25 Kazuhiro Takemoto

Prompt optimization (PO) provides a practical way to improve response quality when users lack the time or expertise to manually craft effective prompts. Existing methods typically rely on LLMs' self-generation ability to optimize prompts.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Zixiao Zhu , Hanzhang Zhou , Zijian Feng , Tianjiao Li , Chua Jia Jim Deryl , Mak Lee Onn , Gee Wah Ng , Kezhi Mao

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used for automated software development, making their ability to preserve secure coding practices critical. In practice, however, many security requirements are implicit or underspecified,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Yue Li , Xiao Li , Hao Wu , Yue Zhang , Yechao Zhang , Yating Liu , Fengyuan Xu , Sheng Zhong

Model merging for Large Language Models (LLMs) directly fuses the parameters of different models finetuned on various tasks, creating a unified model for multi-domain tasks. However, due to potential vulnerabilities in models available on…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-30 Zenghui Yuan , Yangming Xu , Jiawen Shi , Pan Zhou , Lichao Sun

Interaction with Large Language Models (LLMs) is primarily carried out via prompting. A prompt is a natural language instruction designed to elicit certain behaviour or output from a model. In theory, natural language prompts enable…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2024-03-15 Michael Desmond , Michelle Brachman