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Recent advances in reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) are largely driven by reinforcement learning (RL), yet the underlying parameter dynamics during RL training remain poorly understood. This work identifies two…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-24 Yuchen Cai , Ding Cao , Xin Xu , Zijun Yao , Yuqing Huang , Zhenyu Tan , Benyi Zhang , Guangzhong Sun , Guiquan Liu , Junfeng Fang

Inference accounts for the majority of latency and energy consumption in large language model (LLM) deployments, often exceeding 90% of total cost. While training-time efficiency has seen extensive progress, runtime optimization remains a…

Training large language models is a computationally intensive process that often requires substantial resources to achieve state-of-the-art results. Incremental layer-wise training has been proposed as a potential strategy to optimize the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-02 Miles Q. Li , Benjamin C. M. Fung , Shih-Chia Huang

While scaling laws for Large Language Models (LLMs) traditionally focus on proxy metrics like pretraining loss, predicting downstream task performance has been considered unreliable. This paper challenges that view by proposing a direct…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-10 Jakub Krajewski , Amitis Shidani , Dan Busbridge , Sam Wiseman , Jason Ramapuram

Large language models (LLMs) are transforming society, powering applications from smartphone assistants to autonomous driving. Yet cloud-based LLM services alone cannot serve a growing class of applications, including those operating under…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-05-12 Liangqi Yuan , Wenzhi Fang , Shiqiang Wang , H. Vincent Poor , Christopher G. Brinton

We explore a method for improving the performance of large language models through self-reflection and reinforcement learning. By incentivizing the model to generate better self-reflections when it answers incorrectly, we demonstrate that a…

Large-scale black-box models have become ubiquitous across numerous applications. Understanding the influence of individual training data sources on predictions made by these models is crucial for improving their trustworthiness. Current…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-21 Myeongseob Ko , Feiyang Kang , Weiyan Shi , Ming Jin , Zhou Yu , Ruoxi Jia

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong capabilities in general coding tasks but encounter two key challenges when optimizing code: (i) the complexity of writing optimized code (such as performant CUDA kernels and competition-level…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-12 Jiefu Ou , Sapana Chaudhary , Kaj Bostrom , Nathaniel Weir , Shuai Zhang , Huzefa Rangwala , George Karypis

Large Language models (LLMs) have achieved encouraging results in tabular data generation. However, existing approaches require fine-tuning, which is computationally expensive. This paper explores an alternative: prompting a fixed LLM with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Liancheng Fang , Aiwei Liu , Hengrui Zhang , Henry Peng Zou , Weizhi Zhang , Philip S. Yu

We investigate the use of in-context learning and prompt engineering to estimate the contributions of training data in the outputs of instruction-tuned large language models (LLMs). We propose two novel approaches: (1) a similarity-based…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-20 Milad Fotouhi , Mohammad Taha Bahadori , Oluwaseyi Feyisetan , Payman Arabshahi , David Heckerman

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made substantial strides in structured tasks through Reinforcement Learning (RL), demonstrating proficiency in mathematical reasoning and code generation. However, applying RL in broader domains like…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-10 Hao Sun , Yunyi Shen , Jean-Francois Ton , Mihaela van der Schaar

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by incorporating additional information from retrieval. However, studies have shown that LLMs still face challenges in effectively using the retrieved information,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-13 Shicheng Xu , Liang Pang , Mo Yu , Fandong Meng , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng , Jie Zhou

Inspired by recent findings on the fractal geometry of language, we introduce Recursive INference Scaling (RINS) as a complementary, plug-in recipe for scaling inference time in language and multimodal systems. RINS is a particular form of…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-09 Ibrahim Alabdulmohsin , Xiaohua Zhai

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in handling long context inputs, but this comes at the cost of increased computational resources and latency. Our research introduces a novel approach for the long…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-27 Zhenmei Shi , Yifei Ming , Xuan-Phi Nguyen , Yingyu Liang , Shafiq Joty

Large language model (LLM) based listwise reranking has emerged as the dominant paradigm for achieving state-of-the-art ranking effectiveness in information retrieval. However, its reliance on feeding full passage texts into the LLM…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-04-27 Xiaojie Ke , Shuai Zhang , Liansheng Sun , Yongjin Wang , Hengjun Jiang , Xiangkun Liu , Cunxin Gu , Jian Xu , Guanjun Jiang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) merges retrieval methods with deep learning advancements to address the static limitations of large language models (LLMs) by enabling the dynamic integration of up-to-date external information. This…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Yizheng Huang , Jimmy Huang

We present RLHFuse, an efficient training system with stage fusion for Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF). Due to the intrinsic nature of RLHF training, i.e., the data skewness in the generation stage and the pipeline bubbles…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-23 Yinmin Zhong , Zili Zhang , Bingyang Wu , Shengyu Liu , Yukun Chen , Changyi Wan , Hanpeng Hu , Lei Xia , Ranchen Ming , Yibo Zhu , Xin Jin

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) integrates large language models ( LLM s) with retrievers to access external knowledge, improving the factuality of LLM generation in knowledge-grounded tasks. To optimize the RAG performance, most…

With the development of Large Language Models (LLMs), numerous benchmarks have been proposed to measure and compare the capabilities of different LLMs. However, evaluating LLMs is costly due to the large number of test instances and their…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Xu-Xiang Zhong , Chao Yi , Han-Jia Ye

Large Language Model (LLM) inference on large-scale systems is expected to dominate future cloud infrastructures. Efficient LLM inference in cloud environments with numerous AI accelerators is challenging, necessitating extensive…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2024-11-11 Ilias Bournias , Lukas Cavigelli , Georgios Zacharopoulos
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