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Event Causality Identification (ECI) has become an essential task in Natural Language Processing (NLP), focused on automatically detecting causal relationships between events within texts. This comprehensive survey systematically…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-25 Qing Cheng , Zefan Zeng , Xingchen Hu , Yuehang Si , Zhong Liu

Despite exciting progress in causal language models, the expressiveness of the representations is largely limited due to poor discrimination ability. To remedy this issue, we present ContraCLM, a novel contrastive learning framework at both…

In-context learning (ICL) i.e. showing LLMs only a few task-specific demonstrations has led to downstream gains with no task-specific fine-tuning required. However, LLMs are sensitive to the choice of prompts, and therefore a crucial…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-01-31 Lingyu Gao , Aditi Chaudhary , Krishna Srinivasan , Kazuma Hashimoto , Karthik Raman , Michael Bendersky

In-context learning (ICL) has emerged as an effective approach to enhance the performance of large language models (LLMs). However, its effectiveness varies significantly across models and tasks, posing challenges for practitioners to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-15 Dingzriui Wang , Xuanliang Zhang , Keyan Xu , Qingfu Zhu , Wanxiang Che , Yang Deng

In-Context Learning (ICL) enables pretrained LLMs to adapt to downstream tasks by conditioning on a small set of input-output demonstrations, without any parameter updates. Although there have been many theoretical efforts to explain how…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-23 Xuhan Tong , Yuchen Zeng , Jiawei Zhang

In-context learning (ICL) is a powerful paradigm emerged from large language models (LLMs). Despite its promises, ICL performance is known to be highly sensitive to input examples. In this work, we use $\textit{in-context influences}$ to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-06-06 Tai Nguyen , Eric Wong

In-context learning (ICL) enables large language models to perform new tasks by conditioning on a sequence of examples. Most prior work reasonably and intuitively assumes that which examples are chosen has a far greater effect on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-14 Warren Li , Yiqian Wang , Zihan Wang , Jingbo Shang

Event causality identification (ECI), a process that extracts causal relations between events from text, is crucial for distinguishing causation from correlation. Traditional approaches to ECI have primarily utilized linguistic patterns and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-24 Haoyu Wang , Fengze Liu , Jiayao Zhang , Dan Roth , Kyle Richardson

In-context learning (ICL) has proven highly effective across diverse large language model (LLM) tasks. However, its potential for enhancing tasks that demand step-by-step logical deduction, such as mathematical reasoning, remains…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Ang Gao , Changshuo Zhang , Xiao Zhang , Deyang Li , Minjun Zhao , Fangchao Liu , Xinyu Zhang

In-context learning (ICL) is an emerging capability of large autoregressive language models where a few input-label demonstrations are appended to the input to enhance the model's understanding of downstream NLP tasks, without directly…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-31 Zhuocheng Gong , Jiahao Liu , Qifan Wang , Jingang Wang , Xunliang Cai , Dongyan Zhao , Rui Yan

Extracting generalized and robust representations is a major challenge in emotion recognition in conversations (ERC). To address this, we propose a supervised adversarial contrastive learning (SACL) framework for learning class-spread…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-07-11 Dou Hu , Yinan Bao , Lingwei Wei , Wei Zhou , Songlin Hu

In-context Learning (ICL) empowers large language models (LLMs) to swiftly adapt to unseen tasks at inference-time by prefixing a few demonstration examples before queries. Despite its versatility, ICL incurs substantial computational and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-26 Zhuowei Li , Zihao Xu , Ligong Han , Yunhe Gao , Song Wen , Di Liu , Hao Wang , Dimitris N. Metaxas

In the field of multimodal fact checking, the accuracy of retrieving evidence from different modalities has a significant impact on the downstream claim verification process. Existing general multimodal retrieval methods are often…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Zhongtian Hua , Yi Luo , Meijia Yu , Yingjie Han

Contrastive self-supervised learning (SSL) learns an embedding space that maps similar data pairs closer and dissimilar data pairs farther apart. Despite its success, one issue has been overlooked: the fairness aspect of representations…

Identifying related entities and events within and across documents is fundamental to natural language understanding. We present an approach to entity and event coreference resolution utilizing contrastive representation learning. Earlier…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-05-24 Benjamin Hsu , Graham Horwood

Previous contrastive learning methods for sentence representations often focus on insensitive transformations to produce positive pairs, but neglect the role of sensitive transformations that are harmful to semantic representations.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-03-10 Jie Liu , Yixuan Liu , Xue Han , Chao Deng , Junlan Feng

Representations of events described in text are important for various tasks. In this work, we present SWCC: a Simultaneous Weakly supervised Contrastive learning and Clustering framework for event representation learning. SWCC learns event…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-03-16 Jun Gao , Wei Wang , Changlong Yu , Huan Zhao , Wilfred Ng , Ruifeng Xu

Contrastive learning is an approach to representation learning that utilizes naturally occurring similar and dissimilar pairs of data points to find useful embeddings of data. In the context of document classification under topic modeling…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-03-05 Christopher Tosh , Akshay Krishnamurthy , Daniel Hsu

Modern supervised semantic segmentation methods are usually finetuned based on the supervised or self-supervised models pre-trained on ImageNet. Recent work shows that transferring the knowledge from CLIP to semantic segmentation via prompt…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-08-15 Chaohui Yu , Qiang Zhou , Zhibin Wang , Fan Wang

Contrastive Learning (CL) has been proved to be a powerful self-supervised approach for a wide range of domains, including computer vision and graph representation learning. However, the incremental learning issue of CL has rarely been…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-01-31 Cheng Ji , Jianxin Li , Hao Peng , Jia Wu , Xingcheng Fu , Qingyun Sun , Phillip S. Yu