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We report the discovery of an unidentified, extended source of very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray emission, VER J2019+407, within the radio shell of the supernova remnant SNR G78.2+2.1, using 21.4 hours of data taken by the VERITAS gamma-ray…

Supernova remnants (SNRs) are often considered as the main sites of acceleration of cosmic rays in our Galaxy, possibly up to the knee. However, their ability to accelerate particles to reach PeV energies is questionable and lacks…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2025-08-06 Iurii Sushch , Pasquale Blasi , Robert Brose

While supernova remnants (SNRs) are widely thought to be powerful accelerators, evidence comes largely from a small number of well-studied cases. Here we systematically determine the gamma-ray emission from all known Galactic SNRs,…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2019-08-13 J. W. Hewitt , F. Acero , T. J. Brandt , J. Cohen , F. de Palma , F. Giordano

Galactic supernova remnants (SNRs) are thought to accelerate cosmic rays (CRs) to several PeV energies, but this has yet to be confirmed as general behavior. Although several sources show ~100 TeV gamma rays, their hadronic origin is…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2025-12-10 Emily Simon , Rebecca Diesing , Damiano Caprioli , Stephen Sclafani

Cassiopeia A, a well-observed young core-collapse supernova remnant (SNR), is considered as one of the best candidates for studying very high-energy particle acceleration up to PeV via the diffusive shock mechanism. Recently, MAGIC…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2019-04-03 Xiao Zhang , Siming Liu

While the definitive detection of gamma-rays from known supernova remnants (SNRs) remains elusive, the collection of unidentified EGRET sources that may be associated with SNRs has motivated recent modelling of TeV emission from these…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Matthew G. Baring , Donald C. Ellison , Isabelle Grenier

When applied to the blast wave formed by the explosion of a massive star as a supernova (SN), the theory of diffusive particle acceleration at shock fronts predicts a very high energy density in cosmic rays. Almost immediately after…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2011-05-23 J. G. Kirk , P. Duffy , Lewis Ball

Context. Galactic cosmic rays are widely assumed to arise from diffusive shock acceleration, specifically at shocks in supernova remnants (SNRs). These shocks expand in a complex environment, particularly in the core-collapse scenario as…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2022-05-25 Samata Das , Robert Brose , Dominique M. -A. Meyer , Martin Pohl , Iurii Sushch , Pavlo Plotko

Based largely on energy budget considerations and the observed cosmic-ray (CR) ionic composition, supernova remnant (SNR) blast waves are the most likely sources of CR ions with energies at least up to the "knee" near 3 PeV. Shocks in young…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2015-06-15 Shiu-Hang Lee , Patrick Slane , Donald C. Ellison , Shigehiro Nagataki , Daniel J. Patnaude

Cosmic rays that escape their acceleration site interact with the ambient medium and produce gamma rays as the result of inelastic proton-proton collisions. The detection of such diffuse emission may reveal the presence of an accelerator of…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2015-06-12 Lara Nava , Stefano Gabici

We study the emission from an old supernova remnant (SNR) with an age of around 10^5 yrs and that from a giant molecular cloud (GMC) encountered by the SNR. When the SNR age is around 10^5 yrs, proton acceleration is efficient enough to…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-11 Ryo Yamazaki , Kazunori Kohri , Aya Bamba , Tatsuo Yoshida , Toru Tsuribe , Fumio Takahara

Supernova remnants (SNRs) are widely considered the most likely source of cosmic rays below the knee ($10^{15}$ eV). Studies of GeV and TeV gamma-ray emission in the vicinity of SNRs, in combination with multi-wavelength observations, can…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2019-08-14 Amanda Weinstein

Observations of the $\gamma$-ray emission around star clusters, isolated supernova remnants, and pulsar wind nebulae indicate that the cosmic-ray (CR) diffusion coefficient near acceleration sites can be suppressed by a large factor…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2021-04-07 Vadim A. Semenov , Andrey V. Kravtsov , Damiano Caprioli

Supernova remnants (SNRs) have long been hypothesized as the main source of Galactic Cosmic Rays up to PeV energies. Some of them have indeed been shown to accelerate protons to TeV energies and above. But which of them are indeed efficient…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2019-07-22 Henrike Fleischhack

Supernova remnant (SNR)\,W28 is well known for its classic hadronic scenario, in which the TeV cosmic rays (CRs) released at the early stage of this mid-aged SNR are illuminating nearby molecular clouds (MCs). Overwhelming evidences have…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2018-06-15 Yudong Cui , Paul K. H. Yeung , P. H. Thomas Tam , Gerd Puehlhofer

A search for new supernova remnants (SNRs) has been conducted using TeV gamma-ray data from the H.E.S.S. Galactic plane survey. As an identification criterion, shell morphologies that are characteristic for known resolved TeV SNRs have been…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2018-05-01 H. E. S. S. Collaboration , : , H. Abdalla , A. Abramowski , F. Aharonian , F. Ait Benkhali , A. G. Akhperjanian , T. Andersson , E. O. Angüner , M. Arakawa , M. Arrieta , P. Aubert , M. Backes , A. Balzer , M. Barnard , Y. Becherini , J. Becker Tjus , D. Berge , S. Bernhard , K. Bernlöhr , R. Blackwell , M. Böttcher , C. Boisson , J. Bolmont , S. Bonnefoy , P. Bordas , J. Bregeon , F. Brun , P. Brun , M. Bryan , M. Büchele , T. Bulik , M. Capasso , J. Carr , S. Casanova , M. Cerruti , N. Chakraborty , R. C. G. Chaves , A. Chen , J. Chevalier , M. Coffaro , S. Colafrancesco , G. Cologna , B. Condon , J. Conrad , Y. Cui , I. D. Davids , J. Decock , B. Degrange , C. Deil , J. Devin , P. deWilt , L. Dirson , A. Djannati-Ataï , W. Domainko , A. Donath , L. O'C. Drury , K. Dutson , J. Dyks , T. Edwards , K. Egberts , P. Eger , J. -P. Ernenwein , S. Eschbach , C. Farnier , S. Fegan , M. V. Fernandes , A. Fiasson , G. Fontaine , A. Förster , S. Funk , M. Füßling , S. Gabici , M. Gajdus , Y. A. Gallant , T. Garrigoux , G. Giavitto , B. Giebels , J. F. Glicenstein , D. Gottschall , A. Goyal , M. -H. Grondin , J. Hahn , M. Haupt , J. Hawkes , G. Heinzelmann , G. Henri , G. Hermann , O. Hervet , J. A. Hinton , W. Hofmann , C. Hoischen , T. L. Holch , M. Holler , D. Horns , A. Ivascenko , H. Iwasaki , A. Jacholkowska , M. Jamrozy , M. Janiak , D. Jankowsky , F. Jankowsky , M. Jingo , T. Jogler , L. Jouvin , I. Jung-Richardt , M. A. Kastendieck , K. Katarzyński , M. Katsuragawa , U. Katz , D. Kerszberg , D. Khangulyan , B. Khélifi , J. King , S. Klepser , D. Klochkov , W. Kluźniak , D. Kolitzus , Nu. Komin , K. Kosack , S. Krakau , M. Kraus , P. P. Krüger , H. Laffon , G. Lamanna , J. Lau , J. -P. Lees , J. Lefaucheur , V. Lefranc , A. Lemière , M. Lemoine-Goumard , J. -P. Lenain , E. Leser , T. Lohse , M. Lorentz , R. Liu , R. López-Coto , I. Lypova , V. Marandon , A. Marcowith , C. Mariaud , R. Marx , G. Maurin , N. Maxted , M. Mayer , P. J. Meintjes , M. Meyer , A. M. W. Mitchell , R. Moderski , M. Mohamed , L. Mohrmann , K. Morå , E. Moulin , T. Murach , S. Nakashima , M. de Naurois , F. Niederwanger , J. Niemiec , L. Oakes , P. O'Brien , H. Odaka , S. Öttl , S. Ohm , M. Ostrowski , I. Oya , M. Padovani , M. Panter , R. D. Parsons , N. W. Pekeur , G. Pelletier , C. Perennes , P. -O. Petrucci , B. Peyaud , Q. Piel , S. Pita , H. Poon , D. Prokhorov , H. Prokoph , G. Pühlhofer , M. Punch , A. Quirrenbach , S. Raab , A. Reimer , O. Reimer , M. Renaud , R. de los Reyes , S. Richter , F. Rieger , C. Romoli , G. Rowell , B. Rudak , C. B. Rulten , V. Sahakian , S. Saito , D. Salek , D. A. Sanchez , A. Santangelo , M. Sasaki , R. Schlickeiser , F. Schüssler , A. Schulz , U. Schwanke , S. Schwemmer , M. Seglar-Arroyo , M. Settimo , A. S. Seyffert , N. Shafi , I. Shilon , R. Simoni , H. Sol , F. Spanier , G. Spengler , F. Spies , Ł. Stawarz , R. Steenkamp , C. Stegmann , K. Stycz , I. Sushch , T. Takahashi , J. -P. Tavernet , T. Tavernier , A. M. Taylor , R. Terrier , L. Tibaldo , D. Tiziani , M. Tluczykont , C. Trichard , N. Tsuji , R. Tuffs , Y. Uchiyama , D. J. van der Walt , C. van Eldik , C. van Rensburg , B. van Soelen , G. Vasileiadis , J. Veh , C. Venter , A. Viana , P. Vincent , J. Vink , F. Voisin , H. J. Völk , T. Vuillaume , Z. Wadiasingh , S. J. Wagner , P. Wagner , R. M. Wagner , R. White , A. Wierzcholska , P. Willmann , A. Wörnlein , D. Wouters , R. Yang , V. Zabalza , D. Zaborov , M. Zacharias , R. Zanin , A. A. Zdziarski , A. Zech , F. Zefi , A. Ziegler , N. Żywucka , A. Bamba , Y. Fukui , H. Sano , S. Yoshiike

For more than fifty years, it has been believed that cosmic ray (CR) nuclei are accelerated to high energies in the rapidly expanding shockwaves created by powerful supernova explosions. Yet observational proof of this conjecture is still…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-13 Yousaf Butt , Troy Porter , Boaz Katz , Eli Waxman

A gas cloud near a supernova remnant (SNR) provides a target for pp-collisions leading to subsequent gamma-ray emission through neutral pion decay. The assumption of a power-law ambient spectrum of accelerated particles with index near -2…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-02-25 I. V. Moskalenko , T. A. Porter , M. A. Malkov , P. H. Diamond

Spectrum and chemical composition of cosmic rays accelerated in supernova remnants are studied on a basis of kinetic approach. The cosmic ray transport equation with the Bohm diffusion coefficient has been numerically solved…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2008-02-03 E. G. Berezhko , G. F. Krymsky , V. K. Yelshin , L. T. Ksenofontov

We reanalyze the Fermi-LAT GeV $\gamma$-ray emission in the region of supernova remnant (SNR) G51.26+0.11 and investigate its interstellar molecular environment with the CO-line data. At GeV energies, based on 13.2 years of Fermi-LAT data,…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2023-03-08 Wen-Juan Zhong , Xiao Zhang , Yang Chen , Qian-Qian Zhang