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In a measurement-device-independent or quantum-refereed protocol, a referee can verify whether two parties share entanglement or Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering without the need to trust either of the parties or their devices. The…

The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox is one of the milestones in quantum foundations, arising from the lack of local realistic description of quantum mechanics. The EPR paradox has stimulated an important concept of "quantum…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-05-03 Tianfeng Feng , Changliang Ren , Qin Feng , Maolin Luo , Xiaogang Qiang , Jing-Ling Chen , Xiaoqi Zhou

Einstein-Rosen-Podolsky (EPR) steering or quantum steering describes the "spooky-action-at-a-distance" that one party is able to remotely alter the states of the other if they share a certain entangled state. Generally, it admits an…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-07-28 Yu Xiang , Shuming Cheng , Qihuang Gong , Zbigniew Ficek , Qiongyi He

Protocols for testing or exploiting quantum correlations-such as entanglement, Bell nonlocality, and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering- generally assume a common reference frame between two parties. Establishing such a frame is…

量子物理 · 物理学 2018-09-12 Sabine Wollmann , Michael J. W. Hall , Raj B. Patel , Howard M. Wiseman , Geoff J. Pryde

Distribution of quantum correlations among remote users is a key procedure underlying many quantum information technologies. Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering, which is one kind of such correlations stronger than entanglement, has been…

量子物理 · 物理学 2019-01-30 Yu Xiang , Xiaolong Su , Ladislav Mišta, , Gerardo Adesso , Qiongyi He

Bell nonlocality and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering are every important quantum correlations of a composite quantum system. Bell nonlocality of a bipartite state is a quantum correlation demonstrated by some local quantum…

量子物理 · 物理学 2018-01-31 Huaixin Cao , Zhihua Guo

It is a common perception that a sharp projective measurement in one side of the Bell experiment destroys the entanglement of the shared state, thereby preventing the demonstration of sequential sharing of nonlocality. In contrast, we…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-04-29 S. Sasmal , S. Kanjilal , A. K. Pan

Quantum inseparabilities can be classified into three inequivalent forms: entanglement, Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering, and Bell's nonlocality. Bell-nonlocal states form a strict subset of EPR steerable states which also form a…

量子物理 · 物理学 2019-05-22 Debarshi Das , Souradeep Sasmal , Sovik Roy

Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering is a form of quantum correlations and its intrinsic asymmetry makes it distinct from entanglement and Bell nonlocality. We propose here a scheme for realizing one-way Gaussian steering of two…

量子物理 · 物理学 2015-04-01 Huatang Tan , Xincheng Zhang , Gaoxiang Li

Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering is a quantum phenomenon wherein one party influences, or steers, the state of a distant party's particle beyond what could be achieved with a separable state, by making measurements on one half of an…

Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering, a generalization of the original concept of "steering" proposed by Schr\"{o}dinger, describes the ability of one system to nonlocally affect another system's states through local measurements. Some…

量子物理 · 物理学 2015-11-06 Kai Sun , Jin-Shi Xu , Xiang-Jun Ye , Yu-Chun Wu , Chuan-Feng Li , Guang-Can Guo

Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering and Bell nonlocality illustrate two different kinds of correlations predicted by quantum mechanics. They not only motivate the exploration of the foundation of quantum mechanics, but also serve as…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-09-29 Wei-Hao Huang , Shih-Hsuan Chen , Chun-Hao Chang , Tzu-Liang Hsu , Kuan-Jou Wang , Che-Ming Li

Quantum steering in a global state allows an observer to remotely steer a subsystem into different ensembles by performing different local measurements on the other part. We show that, in general, this property cannot be perfectly cloned by…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-01-13 Dian Zhu , Wei-Min Shang , Fu-Lin Zhang , Jing-Ling Chen

There are possible physical theories that give greater violations of Bell's inequalities than the corresponding Tsirelson bound, termed post-quantum non-locality. Such theories do not violate special relativity, but could give an advantage…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-01-08 Ana Belén Sainz , Paul Skrzypczyk , Matty J. Hoban

Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering is a form of quantum correlation that exhibits a fundamental asymmetry in the properties of quantum systems. Given two observers, Alice and Bob, it is known to exist bipartite entangled states which…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-11-09 István Márton , Sándor Nagy , Erika Bene , Tamás Vértesi

Entanglement is the defining feature of quantum mechanics, and understanding the phenomenon is essential at the foundational level and for future progress in quantum technology. The concept of steering was introduced in 1935 by…

量子物理 · 物理学 2011-01-26 D. J. Saunders , S. J. Jones , H. M. Wiseman , G. J. Pryde

Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen(EPR)steering is a kind of powerful nonlocal quantum resource in quantum information processing such as quantum cryptography and quantum communication. Many criteria have been proposed in the past few years to detect…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-12-02 Lifeng Zhang , Zhihua Chen , Shao-Ming Fei

Quantum steering enables one party to communicate with another remote party even if the sender is untrusted. Such characteristics of quantum systems not only provide direct applications to quantum information science, but are also…

量子物理 · 物理学 2018-01-01 Che-Ming Li , Hsin-Pin Lo , Liang-Yu Chen , Atsushi Yabushita

Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering allows Alice to remotely prepare a state in some specific bases for Bob through her choice of measurements. The temporal analogue of EPR steering, temporal steering, also reveals the steerability of a…

量子物理 · 物理学 2017-01-04 Huan-Yu Ku , Shin-Liang Chen , Hong-Bin Chen , Neill Lambert , Yueh-Nan Chen , Franco Nori

Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering allows two parties to verify their entanglement, even if one party's measurements are untrusted. This concept has not only provided new insights into the nature of non-local spatial correlations in…

量子物理 · 物理学 2016-07-14 Ching-Yi Chiu , Neill Lambert , Teh-Lu Liao , Franco Nori , Che-Ming Li