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Existing large language models (LLMs) evaluation methods typically focus on testing the performance on some closed-environment and domain-specific benchmarks with human annotations. In this paper, we explore a novel unsupervised evaluation…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-24 Kun-Peng Ning , Shuo Yang , Yu-Yang Liu , Jia-Yu Yao , Zhen-Hui Liu , Yong-Hong Tian , Yibing Song , Li Yuan

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to assign document relevance labels in information retrieval pipelines, especially in domains lacking human-labeled data. However, different models often disagree on borderline cases,…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-07-04 William A. Ingram , Bipasha Banerjee , Edward A. Fox

In realistic retrieval settings with large and evolving knowledge bases, the total number of documents relevant to a query is typically unknown, and recall cannot be computed. In this paper, we evaluate several established strategies for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Shelly Schwartz , Oleg Vasilyev , Randy Sawaya

The effectiveness of search systems is evaluated using relevance labels that indicate the usefulness of documents for specific queries and users. While obtaining these relevance labels from real users is ideal, scaling such data collection…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-01-27 Julian A. Schnabel , Johanne R. Trippas , Falk Scholer , Danula Hettiachchi

Evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) often requires costly human annotations. To address this, LLM-based judges have been proposed, which compare the outputs of two LLMs enabling the ranking of models without human intervention. While…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 David Salinas , Omar Swelam , Frank Hutter

Deep neural networks have achieved significant improvements in information retrieval (IR). However, most existing models are computational costly and can not efficiently scale to long documents. This paper proposes a novel End-to-End neural…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-08-13 Chen Zheng , Yu Sun , Shengxian Wan , Dianhai Yu

Recent studies have shown that prompting can enable large language models (LLMs) to simulate specific personality traits and produce behaviors that align with those traits. However, there is limited understanding of how these simulated…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-06 Nuo Chen , Hanpei Fang , Piaohong Wang , Jiqun Liu , Tetsuya Sakai , Xiao-Ming Wu

With the advent of large language models (LLMs), the landscape of recommender systems is undergoing a significant transformation. Traditionally, user reviews have served as a critical source of rich, contextual information for enhancing…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-12-16 Chee Heng Tan , Huiying Zheng , Jing Wang , Zhuoyi Lin , Shaodi Feng , Huijing Zhan , Xiaoli Li , J. Senthilnath

With the rapid development of large language models (LLM), the evaluation of LLM becomes increasingly important. Measuring text generation tasks such as summarization and article creation is very difficult. Especially in specific…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-25 Kaiqi Zhang , Shuai Yuan , Honghan Zhao

Recent studies have demonstrated the great potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) serving as zero-shot relevance rankers. The typical approach involves making comparisons between pairs or lists of documents. Although effective, these…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2023-11-06 Weiwei Sun , Zheng Chen , Xinyu Ma , Lingyong Yan , Shuaiqiang Wang , Pengjie Ren , Zhumin Chen , Dawei Yin , Zhaochun Ren

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong capabilities in document re-ranking, a key component in modern Information Retrieval (IR) systems. However, existing LLM-based approaches face notable limitations, including ranking…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-10-03 Pinhuan Wang , Zhiqiu Xia , Chunhua Liao , Feiyi Wang , Hang Liu

The evaluation bottleneck in recommendation systems has become particularly acute with the rise of Generative AI, where traditional metrics fall short of capturing nuanced quality dimensions that matter in specialized domains like legal…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-30 Anu Pradhan , Alexandra Ortan , Apurv Verma , Madhavan Seshadri

Evaluating large language model (LLM) outputs in the legal domain presents unique challenges due to the complex and nuanced nature of legal analysis. Current evaluation approaches either depend on reference data, which is costly to produce,…

Zero-shot text rankers powered by recent LLMs achieve remarkable ranking performance by simply prompting. Existing prompts for pointwise LLM rankers mostly ask the model to choose from binary relevance labels like "Yes" and "No". However,…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-04-03 Honglei Zhuang , Zhen Qin , Kai Hui , Junru Wu , Le Yan , Xuanhui Wang , Michael Bendersky

LLMs (Large Language Models) are increasingly used in text processing pipelines to intelligently respond to a variety of inputs and generation tasks. This raises the possibility of replacing human roles that bottleneck existing information…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-18 Kester Clegg , Richard Hawkins , Ibrahim Habli , Tom Lawton

Grammar competency estimation is essential for assessing linguistic proficiency in both written and spoken language; however, the spoken modality presents additional challenges due to its spontaneous, unstructured, and disfluent nature.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Sourya Dipta Das , Shubham Kumar , Kuldeep Yadav

The potential of large language models (LLMs) to generate harmful content poses a significant safety risk for data management, as LLMs are increasingly being used as engines for data generation. To assess this risk, numerous harmfulness…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-19 Langqi Yang , Tianhang Zheng , Yixuan Chen , Kedong Xiu , Hao Zhou , Wangze Ni , Lei Chen , Zhan Qin , Kui Ren

Large-scale test collections play a crucial role in Information Retrieval (IR) research. However, according to the Cranfield paradigm and the research into publicly available datasets, the existing information retrieval research studies are…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-01-28 Hossein A. Rahmani , Xi Wang , Emine Yilmaz , Nick Craswell , Bhaskar Mitra , Paul Thomas

Incomplete relevance judgments limit the reusability of test collections. When new systems are compared to previous systems that contributed to the pool, they often face a disadvantage. This is due to pockets of unjudged documents (called…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-03-14 Zahra Abbasiantaeb , Chuan Meng , Leif Azzopardi , Mohammad Aliannejadi

This paper surveys evaluation techniques to enhance the trustworthiness and understanding of Large Language Models (LLMs). As reliance on LLMs grows, ensuring their reliability, fairness, and transparency is crucial. We explore algorithmic…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-05 Nik Bear Brown