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In this paper, we propose coded Merkle tree (CMT), a novel hash accumulator that offers a constant-cost protection against data availability attacks in blockchains, even if the majority of the network nodes are malicious. A CMT is…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-12-23 Mingchao Yu , Saeid Sahraei , Songze Li , Salman Avestimehr , Sreeram Kannan , Pramod Viswanath

In the rapidly evolving landscape of blockchain technology, ensuring the integrity and security of data is paramount. This study delves into the security aspects of Merkle Trees, a fundamental component in blockchain architectures, such as…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-04-24 Oleksandr Kuznetsov , Alex Rusnak , Anton Yezhov , Kateryna Kuznetsova , Dzianis Kanonik , Oleksandr Domin

A Merkle tree is an information construction that is used in Blockchain to verify data or transactions in a large content pool in a safe manner. The role of the Merkle tree is crucial in Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies in a Blockchain…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-09-28 M. Gracy , B. Rebecca Jeyavadhanam

Containerization simplifies the sharing and deployment of applications when environments change in the software delivery chain. To deploy an application, container delivery methods push and pull container images. These methods operate on…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2021-04-07 Yuta Nakamura , Raza Ahmad , Tanu Malik

Merkle tree is a widely used tree structure for authentication of data/metadata in a secure computing system. Recent state-of-the art secure systems use a smaller-sized MT, namely Bonsai Merkle Tree (BMT) to protect the metadata such as…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-09-19 Rakin Muhammad Shadab , Yu Zou , Sanjay Gandham , Amro Awad , Mingjie Lin

Merkle trees have become a widely successful cryptographic data structure. Enabling a vast variety of applications from checking for inconsistencies in databases like Dynamo to essential tools like Git to large scale distributed systems…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2023-11-30 Anoushk Kharangate

Addressing the critical challenge of ensuring data integrity in decentralized systems, this paper delves into the underexplored area of data falsification probabilities within Merkle Trees, which are pivotal in blockchain and Internet of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-08-08 Oleksandr Kuznetsov , Alex Rusnak , Anton Yezhov , Kateryna Kuznetsova , Dzianis Kanonik , Oleksandr Domin

The scalability of blockchain technology remains a pivotal challenge, impeding its widespread adoption across various sectors. This study introduces an innovative approach to address this challenge by proposing the adaptive restructuring of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-08-08 Oleksandr Kuznetsov , Dzianis Kanonik , Alex Rusnak , Anton Yezhov , Oleksandr Domin

Blockchain technology has emerged as a revolutionary tool in ensuring data integrity and security in digital transactions. However, the current approaches to data verification in blockchain systems, particularly in Ethereum, face challenges…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-04-11 Oleksandr Kuznetsov , Alex Rusnak , Anton Yezhov , Dzianis Kanonik , Kateryna Kuznetsova , Stanislav Karashchuk

Although wide-scale integration of cloud services with myriad applications increases quality of services (QoS) for enterprise users, verifying the existence and manipulation of stored cloud information remains an open research problem.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-12-10 Faisal Haque Bappy , Saklain Zaman , Tariqul Islam , Redwan Ahmed Rizvee , Joon S. Park , Kamrul Hasan

Emerging non-volatile main memory (NVMM) is rapidly being integrated into computer systems. However, NVMM is vulnerable to potential data remanence and replay attacks. Established security models including split counter mode encryption and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-03-11 Alexander Freij , Shougang Yuan , Huiyang Zhou , Yan Solihin

The Deposit Smart Contract (DSC) is an instrumental component of the Ethereum 2.0 Phase 0 infrastructure. We have developed the first machine-checkable version of the incremental Merkle tree algorithm used in the DSC. We present our new and…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2021-09-01 Franck Cassez

This paper introduces the Cartesian Merkle Tree, a deterministic data structure that combines the properties of a Binary Search Tree, a Heap, and a Merkle tree. The Cartesian Merkle Tree supports insertions, updates, and removals of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-16 Artem Chystiakov , Oleh Komendant , Kyrylo Riabov

A sparse Merkle tree is a Merkle tree with fixed height and indexed leaves given by a map from indices to leaf values. It allows for both efficient membership and non-membership proofs. It has been widely used as an authenticated data…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2023-10-23 Boqian Ma , Vir Nath Pathak , Lanping Liu , Sushmita Ruj

The serverless platform aims to facilitate cloud applications' straightforward deployment, scaling, and management. Unfortunately, the distributed nature of serverless computing makes it difficult to port traditional security tools…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-03-11 Chuang Li , Lanfang Huang , Dian He , Yanhua Wen , Gang Liu , Lixin Duan

Blockchain systems face significant scalability challenges due to growing data volumes and increasing transaction demands, necessitating more efficient data structures and verification mechanisms. Verkle trees, a novel data structure…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Zhikai Li , Xuekai Liu , Boyuan Xu , Eric Chen , Bhaskar Krishnamachari

Solid-state drives (SSDs) are extensively used to deploy persistent data stores, as they provide low latency random access, high write throughput, high data density, and low cost. Tree-based data structures are widely used to build…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2020-06-09 Diego Didona , Nikolas Ioannou , Radu Stoica , Kornilios Kourtis

An efficient, scalable, and provably secure dynamic auditing scheme is highly desirable in the cloud storage environment for verifying the integrity of the outsourced data. Most of the existing work on remote integrity checking focuses on…

Light nodes in blockchain systems are known to be vulnerable to data availability (DA) attacks where they accept an invalid block with unavailable portions. Previous works have used LDPC and 2-D Reed Solomon (2D-RS) codes with Merkle Trees…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2022-05-18 Debarnab Mitra , Lev Tauz , Lara Dolecek

Transaction fees are a crucial revenue source for miners in public and consortium blockchains. However, while public blockchains have additional revenue streams, transaction fees serve as the primary income for miners in consortium…

计算工程、金融与科学 · 计算机科学 2024-02-08 Xiongfei Zhao , Gerui Zhang , Hou-Wan Long , Yain-Whar Si
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