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The performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) is fundamentally determined by the contextual information provided during inference. This survey introduces Context Engineering, a formal discipline that transcends simple prompt design to…

Various methods have been proposed for utilizing Large Language Models (LLMs) in autonomous driving. One strategy of using LLMs for autonomous driving involves inputting surrounding objects as text prompts to the LLMs, along with their…

Large language models (LLMs) excel in abstractive summarization tasks, delivering fluent and pertinent summaries. Recent advancements have extended their capabilities to handle long-input contexts, exceeding 100k tokens. However, in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-15 Mathieu Ravaut , Aixin Sun , Nancy F. Chen , Shafiq Joty

Simulating user interactions enables a more user-oriented evaluation of information retrieval (IR) systems. While user simulations are cost-efficient and reproducible, many approaches often lack fidelity regarding real user behavior. Most…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-01-29 Björn Engelmann , Timo Breuer , Jana Isabelle Friese , Philipp Schaer , Norbert Fuhr

Steering vectors have emerged as a lightweight and effective approach for aligning large language models (LLMs) at inference time, enabling modulation over model behaviors by shifting LLM representations towards a target behavior. However,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-07 Soham Gadgil , Chris Lin , Su-In Lee

Goal-oriented conversational interfaces are designed to accomplish specific tasks and typically have interactions that tend to span multiple turns adhering to a pre-defined structure and a goal. However, conventional neural language models…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-06-08 Ashish Shenoy , Sravan Bodapati , Katrin Kirchhoff

Recent advances have enabled Large Language Models (LLMs) to tackle reasoning tasks by generating chain-of-thought (CoT) rationales, yet these gains have largely applied to high-resource languages, leaving low-resource languages behind. In…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-27 Khanh-Tung Tran , Barry O'Sullivan , Hoang D. Nguyen

Recommender systems have been widely applied to assist user's decision making by providing a list of personalized item recommendations. Context-aware recommender systems (CARS) additionally take context information into considering in the…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2017-10-25 Yong Zheng

In-context learning (ICL) has emerged as a new approach to various natural language processing tasks, utilizing large language models (LLMs) to make predictions based on context that has been supplemented with a few examples or…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-23 Linyong Nan , Yilun Zhao , Weijin Zou , Narutatsu Ri , Jaesung Tae , Ellen Zhang , Arman Cohan , Dragomir Radev

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language understanding and generation, but controlling their behavior reliably remains challenging, especially in open-ended generation settings. This paper…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-08 Zirui He , Mingyu Jin , Bo Shen , Ali Payani , Yongfeng Zhang , Mengnan Du

Large language models (LLMs) can adapt to new tasks through in-context learning (ICL) based on a few examples presented in dialogue history without any model parameter update. Despite such convenience, the performance of ICL heavily depends…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-18 Siyin Wang , Chao-Han Huck Yang , Ji Wu , Chao Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely applied to downstream domains. However, current LLMs for high-stakes domain tasks, such as financial investment and legal QA, typically generate brief answers without reasoning processes and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Xu Chu , Zhijie Tan , Hanlin Xue , Guanyu Wang , Tong Mo , Weiping Li

This study evaluates the forecasting performance of recent language models (LLMs) on binary forecasting questions. We first introduce a novel dataset of over 600 binary forecasting questions, augmented with related news articles and their…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-14 Gerrit Mutschlechner , Adam Jatowt

Large language models (LLMs) are the foundation of the current successes of artificial intelligence (AI), however, they are unavoidably biased. To effectively communicate the risks and encourage mitigation efforts these models need adequate…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-14 Carolin M. Schuster , Maria-Alexandra Dinisor , Shashwat Ghatiwala , Georg Groh

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at tackling various natural language tasks. However, due to the significant costs involved in re-training or fine-tuning them, they remain largely static and difficult to personalize. Nevertheless, a…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-02-20 Jinheon Baek , Nirupama Chandrasekaran , Silviu Cucerzan , Allen herring , Sujay Kumar Jauhar

Regression models often fail to generalize effectively in regions characterized by highly imbalanced label distributions. Previous methods for deep imbalanced regression rely on gradient-based weight updates, which tend to overfit in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-21 Ismail Nejjar , Faez Ahmed , Olga Fink

Long-range tasks demand reasoning over long inputs. However, existing solutions are limited, e.g., long-context models require large compute budgets, parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) needs training data, and retrieval-augmented…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-26 Dulhan Jayalath , James Bradley Wendt , Nicholas Monath , Sandeep Tata , Beliz Gunel

The recent rise of reasoning-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs)--which generate chains of thought (CoTs) before giving the final answer--has attracted significant attention and offers new opportunities for gaining insights into human label…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-25 Beiduo Chen , Yang Janet Liu , Anna Korhonen , Barbara Plank

We study in-context learning (ICL) of linear regression in a deep linear self-attention model, characterizing how performance depends on various computational and statistical resources (width, depth, number of training steps, batch size and…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-10-02 Blake Bordelon , Mary I. Letey , Cengiz Pehlevan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as formidable instruments capable of comprehending and producing human-like text. This paper explores the potential of LLMs, to shape user perspectives and subsequently influence their decisions on…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-09-04 Ganesh Prasath Ramani , Shirish Karande , Santhosh V , Yash Bhatia