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Unbiased Learning to Rank (ULTR) that learns to rank documents with biased user feedback data is a well-known challenge in information retrieval. Existing methods in unbiased learning to rank typically rely on click modeling or inverse…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2023-02-09 Dan Luo , Lixin Zou , Qingyao Ai , Zhiyu Chen , Dawei Yin , Brian D. Davison

In parallel to their overwhelming success across NLP tasks, language ability of deep Transformer networks, pretrained via language modeling (LM) objectives has undergone extensive scrutiny. While probing revealed that these models encode a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-10-19 Olga Majewska , Ivan Vulić , Goran Glavaš , Edoardo M. Ponti , Anna Korhonen

Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly employ alignment techniques to prevent harmful outputs. Despite these safeguards, attackers can circumvent them by crafting adversarial prompts. Predominant token-level optimization methods…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Jiawei Lian , Jianhong Pan , Lefan Wang , Yi Wang , Tairan Huang , Shaohui Mei , Lap-Pui Chau

Neural retrievers are effective but brittle: underspecified or ambiguous queries can misdirect ranking even when relevant documents exist. Existing approaches address this brittleness only partially: LLMs rewrite queries without retriever…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Moncef Garouani , Josiane Mothe

Probing Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) using prompts has indirectly implied that language models (LMs) can be treated as knowledge bases. To this end, this phenomena has been effective especially when these LMs are fine-tuned towards…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-04-08 M. Abaho , D. Bollegala , P. Williamson , S. Dodd

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on simple text classification tasks, frequently under zero-shot settings. However, their efficacy declines when tackling complex social media challenges…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-23 Elyas Meguellati , Assaad Zeghina , Shazia Sadiq , Gianluca Demartini

Deep Learning and Machine Learning based models have become extremely popular in text processing and information retrieval. However, the non-linear structures present inside the networks make these models largely inscrutable. A significant…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-03-12 Sourav Saha , Debapriyo Majumdar , Mandar Mitra

We address the challenge of building domain-specific knowledge models for industrial use cases, where labelled data and taxonomic information is initially scarce. Our focus is on inductive link prediction models as a basis for practical…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-01-03 Felix Hamann , Adrian Ulges , Maurice Falk

AI agents augment large language models with external tools such as web retrieval, enabling grounded and up-to-date responses. However, incorporating external content into the generation pipeline can weaken the safety alignment mechanisms…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Aditya Nawal , Manit Baser , Mohan Gurusamy

Zero-shot document re-ranking with Large Language Models (LLMs) has evolved from Pointwise methods to Listwise and Setwise approaches that optimize computational efficiency. Despite their success, these methods predominantly rely on…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Haodong Chen , Shengyao Zhuang , Zheng Yao , Guido Zuccon , Teerapong Leelanupab

Modern large language models (LLMs) are used in many business applications in general, and specifically in web search systems and applications that generate overviews of search results - LLM Overview systems. Such systems are using an LLM…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-05-04 Roman Smirnov

Text classification is crucial for applications such as sentiment analysis and toxic text filtering, but it still faces challenges due to the complexity and ambiguity of natural language. Recent advancements in deep learning, particularly…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-29 Lingyu Gao

The volume of machine-generated content online has grown dramatically due to the widespread use of Large Language Models (LLMs), leading to new challenges for content moderation systems. Conventional content moderation classifiers, which…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Shaz Furniturewala , Arkaitz Zubiaga

Recognizing implicit discourse relations is a challenging but important task in the field of Natural Language Processing. For such a complex text processing task, different from previous studies, we argue that it is necessary to repeatedly…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2016-09-22 Yang Liu , Sujian Li

Previous research on testing the vulnerabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs) using adversarial attacks has primarily focused on nonsensical prompt injections, which are easily detected upon manual or automated review (e.g., via byte…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-29 Nilanjana Das , Edward Raff , Manas Gaur

Language models trained on large-scale unfiltered datasets curated from the open web acquire systemic biases, prejudices, and harmful views from their training data. We present a methodology for programmatically identifying and removing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-11-30 Helen Ngo , Cooper Raterink , João G. M. Araújo , Ivan Zhang , Carol Chen , Adrien Morisot , Nicholas Frosst

Pretrained language models based on the transformer architecture have shown great success in NLP. Textual training data often comes from the web and is thus tagged with time-specific information, but most language models ignore this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-05-05 Guy D. Rosin , Kira Radinsky

As language models (LMs) deliver increasing performance on a range of NLP tasks, probing classifiers have become an indispensable technique in the effort to better understand their inner workings. A typical setup involves (1) defining an…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-01 Charles Jin , Martin Rinard

Language models, while capable of generating remarkably coherent and seemingly accurate text, can occasionally produce undesirable content, including harmful or toxic outputs. In this paper, we present a new two-stage approach to detect and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Bao Nguyen , Binh Nguyen , Duy Nguyen , Viet Anh Nguyen

Nowadays, neural network (NN) and deep learning (DL) techniques are widely adopted in many applications, including recommender systems. Given the sparse and stochastic nature of collaborative filtering (CF) data, recent works have…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-07-03 Giuseppe Serra , Peter Tino , Zhao Xu , Xin Yao