相关论文: Capabilities: An Ontology

The aim of this paper is to represent humans' soft-ethical preferences by means of dispositional properties. We begin by examining real-life situations, termed as scenarios, that involve ethical dilemmas. Users engage with these scenarios,…

The amount of data has exploded over the last ten years. Data is captured and shared from personal devices, transactional operations, sensors, social media and other sources. Firms should, thus, be able to explore the new opportunities and…

Mathematical reasoning---a core ability within human intelligence---presents some unique challenges as a domain: we do not come to understand and solve mathematical problems primarily on the back of experience and evidence, but on the basis…

The ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to perform reasoning tasks such as deduction has been widely investigated in recent years. Yet, their capacity to generate proofs-faithful, human-readable explanations of why conclusions…

Real-time analytics that requires integration and aggregation of heterogeneous and distributed streaming and static data is a typical task in many industrial scenarios such as diagnostics of turbines in Siemens. OBDA approach has a great…

Metamodeling refers to scenarios in ontologies in which classes and roles can be members of classes or occur in roles. This is a desirable modelling feature in several applications, but allowing it without restrictions is problematic for…

Of primary importance in formulating a response to the increasing prevalence and power of artificial intelligence (AI) applications in society are questions of ontology. Questions such as: What "are" these systems? How are they to be…

We consider entailment problems involving powerful constraint languages such as guarded existential rules, in which additional semantic restrictions are put on a set of distinguished relations. We consider restricting a relation to be…

Ontologies of research areas have been proven to be useful in many application for analysing and making sense of scholarly data. In this chapter, we present the Computer Science Ontology (CSO), which is the largest ontology of research…

Rationality is often related to optimal decision making. Humans are known to be bounded rational agents. However, recent advances in computing, and other scientific and technical fields along with large amount of data have led to a feeling…

Current challenges of the manufacturing industry require modular and changeable manufacturing systems that can be adapted to variable conditions with little effort. At the same time, production recipes typically represent important company…

What functions can Neural Processes represent? We analyze the representational capacity of popular NP architectures: Conditional Neural Processes (CNPs), Attentive Neural Processes (ANPs), Transformer Neural Processes (TNPs), and their…

Humans understand language based on the rich background knowledge about how the physical world works, which in turn allows us to reason about the physical world through language. In addition to the properties of objects (e.g., boats require…

Creativity is perhaps what most differentiates humans from other species. It involves the capacity to shift between divergent and convergent modes of thought in response to task demands. Divergent thought has been characterized as the kind…

Deep learning models, while effective and versatile, are becoming increasingly complex, often including multiple overlapping networks of arbitrary depths, multiple objectives and non-intuitive training methodologies. This makes it…

A hallmark of human intelligence is the ability to adapt to new situations, by applying learned rules to new content (systematicity) and thereby enabling an open-ended number of inferences and actions (generativity). Here, we propose that…

In the field of ubiquitous computing, a class of applications called context-aware services attracted great interest especially since the emergence of wireless technologies and mobile devices. Context-aware application can dynamically…

Attention endows animals an ability to concentrate on the most relevant information among a deluge of distractors at any given time, either through volitionally 'top-down' biasing, or driven by automatically 'bottom-up' saliency of stimuli,…

We propose a Capabilities-based approach for building long-lived, complex systems that have lengthy development cycles. User needs and technology evolve during these extended development periods, and thereby, inhibit a fixed…

Rationality is frequently associated with making the best possible decisions. It's widely acknowledged that humans, as rational beings, have limitations in their decision-making capabilities. Nevertheless, recent advancements in fields,…