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As machine learning black boxes are increasingly being deployed in domains such as healthcare and criminal justice, there is growing emphasis on building tools and techniques for explaining these black boxes in an interpretable manner. Such…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-02-04 Dylan Slack , Sophie Hilgard , Emily Jia , Sameer Singh , Himabindu Lakkaraju

Logic locking is a method to prevent intellectual property (IP) piracy. However, under a reasonable attack model, SAT-based methods have proven to be powerful in obtaining the secret key. In response, many locking techniques have been…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-09-23 Joseph Sweeney , Marijn J. H. Heule , Lawrence Pileggi

According to the Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP), Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) is a critical security vulnerability. Despite decades of research, XSS remains among the top 10 security vulnerabilities. Researchers have proposed…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-01 Dennis Miczek , Divyesh Gabbireddy , Suman Saha

Logic locking as a solution for semiconductor intellectual property (IP) confidentiality has received considerable attention in academia, but has yet to produce a viable solution to protect against known threats. In part due to a lack of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-26 Jonathan Cruz , Jason Hamlet

As cache-based side-channel attacks become serious security problems, various defenses have been proposed and deployed in both software and hardware. Consequently, cache-based side-channel attacks on processes co-residing on the same core…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-11-14 Wei Song , Rui Hou , Peng Liu , Xiaoxin Li , Peinan Li , Lutan Zhao , Xiaofei Fu , Yifei Sun , Dan Meng

The use of third-party IP cores in implementing applications in FPGAs has given rise to the threat of malicious alterations through the insertion of hardware Trojans. To address this threat, it is important to predict the way hardware…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2020-04-06 Ash Luft , Mihai Sima , Michael McGuire

To address the risks of increasingly capable AI systems, we introduce a hardware-level off-switch that embeds thousands of independent "security blocks" in each AI accelerator. This massively redundant architecture is designed to prevent…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-10 James Petrie

Lateral movement is a crucial component of advanced persistent threat (APT) attacks in networks. Attackers exploit security vulnerabilities in internal networks or IoT devices, expanding their control after initial infiltration to steal…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-11-18 Jiajun Zhou , Jiacheng Yao , Xuanze Chen , Shanqing Yu , Qi Xuan , Xiaoniu Yang

The security of Large Language Model (LLM) applications is fundamentally challenged by "form-first" attacks like prompt injection and jailbreaking, where malicious instructions are embedded within user inputs. Conventional defenses, which…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-15 Dominik Schwarz

Optimization of quantum circuits using an efficient compiler is key to its success for NISQ computers. Several 3rd party compilers are evolving to offer improved performance for large quantum circuits. These 3rd parties, or just a certain…

The globalization of the semiconductor industry has introduced security challenges to Integrated Circuits (ICs), particularly those related to the threat of Hardware Trojans (HTs) - malicious logic that can be introduced during IC…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-08-29 Mohammad Eslami , Tara Ghasempouri , Samuel Pagliarini

Large language models (LLMs) are widely deployed across various applications, often with safeguards to prevent the generation of harmful or restricted content. However, these safeguards can be covertly bypassed through adversarial…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Kasimir Schulz , Amelia Kawasaki , Leo Ring

Logic locking has received considerable interest as a prominent technique for protecting the design intellectual property from untrusted entities, especially the foundry. Recently, machine learning (ML)-based attacks have questioned the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-12-15 Lilas Alrahis , Satwik Patnaik , Muhammad Shafique , Ozgur Sinanoglu

Traditional cryptographic techniques, including token obfuscation, are increasingly vulnerable to quantum attacks due to advancements in quantum computing. Quantum algorithms such as Shor's and Grover's pose significant threats to classical…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-06-27 S. M. Yousuf Iqbal Tomal , Abdullah Al Shafin

As the complexity of digital circuits increases, High-Level Synthesis (HLS) is becoming a valuable tool to increase productivity and design reuse by utilizing relevant Electronic Design Automation (EDA) flows, either for…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-12-12 Amalia Artemis Koufopoulou , Kalliopi Xevgeni , Athanasios Papadimitriou , Mihalis Psarakis , David Hely

Protecting intellectual property (IP) in electronic circuits has become a serious challenge in recent years. Logic locking/encryption and layout camouflaging are two prominent techniques for IP protection. Most existing approaches, however,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-06-07 Satwik Patnaik , Nikhil Rangarajan , Johann Knechtel , Ozgur Sinanoglu , Shaloo Rakheja

Hardware (HW) security issues have been emerging at an alarming rate in recent years. Transient execution attacks, in particular, pose a genuine threat to the security of modern computing systems. Despite recent advances, understanding the…

The semiconductor industry is fully globalized and integrated circuits (ICs) are commonly defined, designed and fabricated in different premises across the world. This reduces production costs, but also exposes ICs to supply chain attacks,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2017-10-31 Vasilios Mavroudis , Andrea Cerulli , Petr Svenda , Dan Cvrcek , Dusan Klinec , George Danezis

The security of modern electronic devices relies on secret keys stored on secure hardware modules as the root-of-trust (RoT). Extracting those keys would break the security of the entire system. As shown before, sophisticated side-channel…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-02-24 Thilo Krachenfels , Tuba Kiyan , Shahin Tajik , Jean-Pierre Seifert

With the advancement in robotics, it is becoming increasingly common for large factories and warehouses to incorporate visual SLAM (vSLAM) enabled automated robots that operate closely next to humans. This makes any adversarial attacks on…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-12-13 Jonathan J. Y. Kim , Martin Urschler , Patricia J. Riddle , Jorg S. Wicker