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Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting has proven highly effective for enhancing complex reasoning in Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). Yet, it struggles in complex spatial reasoning tasks. Nonetheless,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-14 Chengzu Li , Wenshan Wu , Huanyu Zhang , Yan Xia , Shaoguang Mao , Li Dong , Ivan Vulić , Furu Wei

While Chain of Thought (CoT) prompting approaches have significantly consolidated the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), they still face limitations that require extensive human effort or have performance needs to be…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-02 Kangyang Luo , Zichen Ding , Zhenmin Weng , Lingfeng Qiao , Meng Zhao , Xiang Li , Di Yin , Jinlong Shu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are typically trained to reflect a relatively uniform set of values, which limits their applicability to tasks that require understanding of nuanced human perspectives. Recent research has underscored the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Yunfan Zhang , Kathleen McKeown , Smaranda Muresan

This study investigates the spatial reasoning capabilities of vision-language models (VLMs) through Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting and reinforcement learning. We begin by evaluating the impact of different prompting strategies and find…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-21 Binbin Ji , Siddharth Agrawal , Qiance Tang , Yvonne Wu

Self-consistency (SC) is a popular technique for improving the reasoning accuracy of large language models by aggregating multiple sampled outputs, but it comes at a high computational cost due to extensive sampling. We introduce a hybrid…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Raman Saparkhan , Majd Hawasly , Md Rizwan Parvez , Mohammad Raza

Chain-of-thought (COT) prompting can help large language models (LLMs) reason toward correct answers, but its efficacy in reasoning toward incorrect answers is unexplored. This process of elimination (PoE), when used with COT, can enhance…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-11 Nishant Balepur , Shramay Palta , Rachel Rudinger

Reinforcement learning (RL) has been pivotal in enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), but it often suffers from limited exploration and entropy collapse, where models exploit a narrow set of solutions,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-20 Shijia Kang , Muhan Zhang

The rapid advancements in large Language models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced their reasoning capabilities, driven by various strategies such as multi-agent collaboration. However, unlike the well-established performance improvements…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-23 Zihan Chen , Song Wang , Zhen Tan , Xingbo Fu , Zhenyu Lei , Peng Wang , Huan Liu , Cong Shen , Jundong Li

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks. Advances in prompt engineering and fine-tuning techniques have further enhanced their ability to address complex reasoning challenges.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-16 Jing Bi , Yuting Wu , Weiwei Xing , Zhenjie Wei

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in reasoning with the emergence of reasoning models like OpenAI-o1 and DeepSeek-R1. Recent research focuses on integrating reasoning capabilities into the realm of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Qi Zhang , Shouqing Yang , Lirong Gao , Hao Chen , Xiaomeng Hu , Jinglei Chen , Jiexiang Wang , Sheng Guo , Bo Zheng , Haobo Wang , Junbo Zhao

Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting is a de-facto standard technique to elicit reasoning-like responses from large language models (LLMs), allowing them to spell out individual steps before giving a final answer. While the resemblance to…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-26 Gregor Bachmann , Yichen Jiang , Seyed Mohsen Moosavi Dezfooli , Moin Nabi

Large Language Models (LLMs), with their abilities in knowledge acquisition and reasoning, can potentially enhance the various aspects of Self-adaptive Systems (SAS). Yet, the potential of LLMs in SAS remains largely unexplored and…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-01-17 Jialong Li , Mingyue Zhang , Nianyu Li , Danny Weyns , Zhi Jin , Kenji Tei

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting plays an indispensable role in endowing large language models (LLMs) with complex reasoning capabilities. However, CoT currently faces two fundamental challenges: (1) Sufficiency, which ensures that the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Xiangning Yu , Zhuohan Wang , Linyi Yang , Haoxuan Li , Anjie Liu , Xiao Xue , Jun Wang , Mengyue Yang

Existing reinforcement learning approaches for Large Language Models typically perform policy optimization at the granularity of individual tokens or entire response sequences. However, such formulations often misalign with the natural…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Lei Gao , Zhuoming Li , Mengxi Jia , Jiakang Yuan , Hongbo Sun , Hao Sun , Xuelong Li

We introduce Buffer of Thoughts (BoT), a novel and versatile thought-augmented reasoning approach for enhancing accuracy, efficiency and robustness of large language models (LLMs). Specifically, we propose meta-buffer to store a series of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 Ling Yang , Zhaochen Yu , Tianjun Zhang , Shiyi Cao , Minkai Xu , Wentao Zhang , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Bin Cui

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown outstanding performance across wide range of downstream tasks. This competency is attributed to their substantial parameter size and pre-training on extensive corpus. Moreover, LLMs have exhibited…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-08-10 Yuhan Ma , Haiqi Jiang , Chenyou Fan

Large language models (LLMs) have recently attracted considerable interest for their ability to perform complex reasoning tasks, such as chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning. However, most of the existing approaches to enhance this ability rely…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-08 Xinyi Wang , Lucas Caccia , Oleksiy Ostapenko , Xingdi Yuan , William Yang Wang , Alessandro Sordoni

Despite their strengths, large language models (LLMs) often fail to communicate their confidence accurately, making it difficult to assess when they might be wrong and limiting their reliability. In this work, we demonstrate that reasoning…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-23 Dongkeun Yoon , Seungone Kim , Sohee Yang , Sunkyoung Kim , Soyeon Kim , Yongil Kim , Eunbi Choi , Yireun Kim , Minjoon Seo

Recent advances in Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting have substantially enhanced the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), enabling sophisticated problem-solving through explicit multi-step reasoning traces. However, these…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-28 Xinyu Li , Tianjin Huang , Ronghui Mu , Xiaowei Huang , Gaojie Jin

In this paper, we address the challenging task of multimodal mathematical reasoning by incorporating the ability of "slow thinking" into multimodal large language models (MLLMs). Our core idea is that different levels of reasoning abilities…