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Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) data is crucial for ensuring the safe deployment of machine learning models in real-world applications. However, existing OOD detection approaches primarily rely on the feature maps or the full gradient…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-08-02 Sima Behpour , Thang Doan , Xin Li , Wenbin He , Liang Gou , Liu Ren

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is essential to prevent anomalous inputs from causing a model to fail during deployment. While improved OOD detection methods have emerged, they often rely on the final layer outputs and require a full…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-05-03 Ziqian Lin , Sreya Dutta Roy , Yixuan Li

Detecting Out-of-Distribution (OOD) sensory data and covariate distribution shift aims to identify new test examples with different high-level image statistics to the captured, normal and In-Distribution (ID) set. Existing OOD detection…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Christiaan Viviers , Amaan Valiuddin , Francisco Caetano , Lemar Abdi , Lena Filatova , Peter de With , Fons van der Sommen

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection has received much attention lately due to its practical importance in enhancing the safe deployment of neural networks. One of the primary challenges is that models often produce highly confident…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-11-29 Yiyou Sun , Chuan Guo , Yixuan Li

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection aims to detect test samples outside the training category space, which is an essential component in building reliable machine learning systems. Existing reviews on OOD detection primarily focus on method…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-05 Shuo Lu , Yingsheng Wang , Lijun Sheng , Lingxiao He , Aihua Zheng , Jian Liang

In an out-of-distribution (OOD) detection problem, samples of known classes(also called in-distribution classes) are used to train a special classifier. In testing, the classifier can (1) classify the test samples of known classes to their…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-02-06 Sepideh Esmaeilpour , Bing Liu , Eric Robertson , Lei Shu

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection, which maps high-dimensional data into a scalar OOD score, is critical for the reliable deployment of machine learning models. A key challenge in recent research is how to effectively leverage and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-06 Claus Hofmann , Christian Huber , Bernhard Lehner , Daniel Klotz , Sepp Hochreiter , Werner Zellinger

Many neural network-based out-of-distribution (OoD) detection methods have been proposed. However, they require many training data for each target task. We propose a simple yet effective meta-learning method to detect OoD with small…

机器学习 · 统计学 2022-06-22 Tomoharu Iwata , Atsutoshi Kumagai

In the open world, detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) data, whose labels are disjoint with those of in-distribution (ID) samples, is important for reliable deep neural networks (DNNs). To achieve better detection performance, one type of…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-02-28 Yingwen Wu , Ruiji Yu , Xinwen Cheng , Zhengbao He , Xiaolin Huang

We focus on the challenge of out-of-distribution (OOD) detection in deep learning models, a crucial aspect in ensuring reliability. Despite considerable effort, the problem remains significantly challenging in deep learning models due to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-05-30 Yunhao Ge , Jie Ren , Jiaping Zhao , Kaifeng Chen , Andrew Gallagher , Laurent Itti , Balaji Lakshminarayanan

Despite agreement on the importance of detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) examples, there is little consensus on the formal definition of OOD examples and how to best detect them. We categorize these examples by whether they exhibit a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-12-16 Udit Arora , William Huang , He He

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is the problem of identifying inputs which are unrelated to the in-distribution task. The OOD detection performance when the in-distribution (ID) is ImageNet-1K is commonly being tested on a small range…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-02 Julian Bitterwolf , Maximilian Müller , Matthias Hein

Deep neural networks are susceptible to generating overconfident yet erroneous predictions when presented with data beyond known concepts. This challenge underscores the importance of detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) samples in the open…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-08-31 Yiye Chen , Yunzhi Lin , Ruinian Xu , Patricio A. Vela

Out-of-distribution detection (OOD) is a crucial technique for deploying machine learning models in the real world to handle the unseen scenarios. In this paper, we first propose a simple yet effective Neural Activation Prior (NAP) for OOD…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-05-27 Weilin Wan , Weizhong Zhang , Quan Zhou , Fan Yi , Cheng Jin

The ability of a deep learning network to distinguish between in-distribution (ID) and out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs is crucial for ensuring the reliability and trustworthiness of AI systems. Existing OOD detection methods often involve…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-25 Gagandeep Singh , Ishan Mishra , Deepak Mishra

We present a novel vision-language prompt learning approach for few-shot out-of-distribution (OOD) detection. Few-shot OOD detection aims to detect OOD images from classes that are unseen during training using only a few labeled…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-10-26 Atsuyuki Miyai , Qing Yu , Go Irie , Kiyoharu Aizawa

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is essential for the reliability of ML models. Most existing methods for OOD detection learn a fixed decision criterion from a given in-distribution dataset and apply it universally to decide if a data…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-29 YiFan Zhang , Xue Wang , Tian Zhou , Kun Yuan , Zhang Zhang , Liang Wang , Rong Jin , Tieniu Tan

Open-set node classification (OSNC) allows unlabeled test data to contain novel classes previously unseen in the labeled data. The goal is to classify in-distribution (ID) nodes into corresponding known classes and reject…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Junwei Gong , Xiao Shen , Zhihao Chen , Shirui Pan , Xiao Wang , Xi Zhou

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection identifies test samples that differ from the training data, which is critical to ensuring the safety and reliability of machine learning (ML) systems. While a plethora of methods have been developed to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-12-30 Viet Duong , Qiong Wu , Zhengyi Zhou , Eric Zavesky , Jiahe Chen , Xiangzhou Liu , Wen-Ling Hsu , Huajie Shao

Neural networks (NNs) are widely used for object classification in autonomous driving. However, NNs can fail on input data not well represented by the training dataset, known as out-of-distribution (OOD) data. A mechanism to detect OOD…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-09-07 Julia Nitsch , Masha Itkina , Ransalu Senanayake , Juan Nieto , Max Schmidt , Roland Siegwart , Mykel J. Kochenderfer , Cesar Cadena