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Large language models (LLMs) are evolving fast and are now frequently used as evaluators, in a process typically referred to as LLM-as-a-Judge, which provides quality assessments of model outputs. However, recent research points out…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Hugo Silva , Mateus Mendes , Hugo Gonçalo Oliveira

Evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) in open-ended scenarios is challenging because existing benchmarks and metrics can not measure them comprehensively. To address this problem, we propose to fine-tune LLMs as scalable judges (JudgeLM)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-04 Lianghui Zhu , Xinggang Wang , Xinlong Wang

Prompt injection attacks pose a critical threat to large language models (LLMs), enabling goal hijacking and data leakage. Prompt guard models, though effective in defense, suffer from over-defense -- falsely flagging benign inputs as…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-01 Hao Li , Xiaogeng Liu

Despite advancements in enhancing LLM safety against jailbreak attacks, evaluating LLM defenses remains a challenge, with current methods often lacking explainability and generalization to complex scenarios, leading to incomplete…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-21 Fan Liu , Yue Feng , Zhao Xu , Lixin Su , Xinyu Ma , Dawei Yin , Hao Liu

LLM-as-a-Judge models generate chain-of-thought (CoT) sequences intended to capture the step-bystep reasoning process that underlies the final evaluation of a response. However, due to the lack of human annotated CoTs for evaluation, the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-07-09 Swarnadeep Saha , Xian Li , Marjan Ghazvininejad , Jason Weston , Tianlu Wang

In this study, we introduce RePD, an innovative attack Retrieval-based Prompt Decomposition framework designed to mitigate the risk of jailbreak attacks on large language models (LLMs). Despite rigorous pretraining and finetuning focused on…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-12-02 Peiran Wang , Xiaogeng Liu , Chaowei Xiao

As the scale and capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) increase, their applications in knowledge-intensive fields such as legal domain have garnered widespread attention. However, it remains doubtful whether these LLMs make judgments…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-25 Yiran Hu , Huanghai Liu , Qingjing Chen , Ning Zheng , Chong Wang , Yun Liu , Charles L. A. Clarke , Weixing Shen

The performance of large language models (LLMs) is closely linked to their underlying size, leading to ever-growing networks and hence slower inference. Speculative decoding has been proposed as a technique to accelerate autoregressive…

A Large Language Model (LLM) as judge evaluates the quality of victim Machine Learning (ML) models, specifically LLMs, by analyzing their outputs. An LLM as judge is the combination of one model and one specifically engineered judge prompt…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Tom Biskupski , Stephan Kleber

This paper presents a real-time modular defense system named Sentra-Guard. The system detects and mitigates jailbreak and prompt injection attacks targeting large language models (LLMs). The framework uses a hybrid architecture with…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-04 Md. Mehedi Hasan , Sk Tanzir Mehedi , Ziaur Rahman , Rafid Mostafiz , Md. Abir Hossain

Large language model (LLM)-based judges are widely adopted for automated evaluation and reward modeling, yet their judgments are often affected by judgment biases. Accurately evaluating these biases is essential for ensuring the reliability…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-10 Hongli Zhou , Hui Huang , Rui Zhang , Kehai Chen , Bing Xu , Conghui Zhu , Tiejun Zhao , Muyun Yang

Auto-evaluation is crucial for assessing response quality and offering feedback for model development. Recent studies have explored training large language models (LLMs) as generative judges to evaluate and critique other models' outputs.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-15 Peifeng Wang , Austin Xu , Yilun Zhou , Caiming Xiong , Shafiq Joty

Large language models (LLMs) are widely used as reference-free evaluators via prompting, but this "LLM-as-a-Judge" paradigm is costly, opaque, and sensitive to prompt design. In this work, we investigate whether smaller models can serve as…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 Zhuochun Li , Yong Zhang , Ming Li , Yuelyu Ji , Yiming Zeng , Ning Cheng , Yun Zhu , Yanmeng Wang , Shaojun Wang , Jing Xiao , Daqing He

With the broad availability of large language models and their ability to generate vast outputs using varied prompts and configurations, determining the best output for a given task requires an intensive evaluation process, one where…

Argument mining (AM) is an interdisciplinary research field focused on the automatic identification and classification of argumentative components, such as claims and premises, and the relationships between them. Recent advances in large…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-23 Marcin Pietroń , Filip Gampel , Jakub Gomułka , Andrzej Tomski , Rafał Olszowski

The effective training and evaluation of retrieval systems require a substantial amount of relevance judgments, which are traditionally collected from human assessors -- a process that is both costly and time-consuming. Large Language…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-12-19 Hossein A. Rahmani , Emine Yilmaz , Nick Craswell , Bhaskar Mitra

Large language models (LLMs) can act as evaluators, a role studied by methods like LLM-as-a-Judge and fine-tuned judging LLMs. In the field of education, LLMs have been studied as assistant tools for students and teachers. Our research…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-26 Valeria Ramirez-Garcia , David de-Fitero-Dominguez , Antonio Garcia-Cabot , Eva Garcia-Lopez

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated strong emergent abilities in complex reasoning and zero-shot generalization, showing unprecedented potential for LLM-as-a-judge applications in education, peer review, and data quality…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-20 Xuyang Guo , Zekai Huang , Zhao Song , Jiahao Zhang

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved tremendous success in various applications, they are also susceptible to jailbreaking attacks. Several primary defense strategies have been proposed to protect LLMs from producing harmful…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-01 Yichuan Mo , Yuji Wang , Zeming Wei , Yisen Wang

With the development of technology, large language models (LLMs) have dominated the downstream natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, because of the LLMs' instruction-following abilities and inability to distinguish the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Yulin Chen , Haoran Li , Yuan Sui , Yangqiu Song , Bryan Hooi