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Test-time adaptation (TTA) aims to correct performance degradation of deep models under distribution shifts by updating models or inputs using unlabeled test data. Input-only diffusion-based TTA methods improve robustness for classification…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Jihyun Yu , Yoojin Oh , Wonho Bae , Mingyu Kim , Junhyug Noh

Test-time augmentation (TTA) is a well-known technique employed during the testing phase of computer vision tasks. It involves aggregating multiple augmented versions of input data. Combining predictions using a simple average formulation…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-08-28 Zeinab Sherkatghanad , Moloud Abdar , Mohammadreza Bakhtyari , Pawel Plawiak , Vladimir Makarenkov

The advancements in generative modeling, particularly the advent of diffusion models, have sparked a fundamental question: how can these models be effectively used for discriminative tasks? In this work, we find that generative models can…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-12-01 Mihir Prabhudesai , Tsung-Wei Ke , Alexander C. Li , Deepak Pathak , Katerina Fragkiadaki

The performance of deep learning models depends heavily on test samples at runtime, and shifts from the training data distribution can significantly reduce accuracy. Test-time adaptation (TTA) addresses this by adapting models during…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Michal Danilowski , Soumyajit Chatterjee , Abhirup Ghosh

Currently, pre-trained language models (PLMs) do not cope well with the distribution shift problem, resulting in models trained on the training set failing in real test scenarios. To address this problem, the test-time adaptation (TTA)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-04-26 Yi Su , Yixin Ji , Juntao Li , Hai Ye , Min Zhang

Test-time adaptation (TTA) addresses distribution shifts for streaming test data in unsupervised settings. Currently, most TTA methods can only deal with minor shifts and rely heavily on heuristic and empirical studies. To advance TTA under…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-09 Shurui Gui , Xiner Li , Shuiwang Ji

Powerful as they are, graph neural networks (GNNs) are known to be vulnerable to distribution shifts. Recently, test-time adaptation (TTA) has attracted attention due to its ability to adapt a pre-trained model to a target domain, without…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-13 Wenxuan Bao , Zhichen Zeng , Zhining Liu , Hanghang Tong , Jingrui He

Although recent years have witnessed significant advancements in medical image segmentation, the pervasive issue of domain shift among medical images from diverse centres hinders the effective deployment of pre-trained models. Many…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-12-30 Ziyang Chen , Yiwen Ye , Yongsheng Pan , Yong Xia

Encountering shifted data at test time is a ubiquitous challenge when deploying predictive models. Test-time adaptation (TTA) methods address this issue by continuously adapting a deployed model using only unlabeled test data. While TTA can…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Mona Schirmer , Metod Jazbec , Christian A. Naesseth , Eric Nalisnick

We propose Test-Time Augmentation (TTA) as an effective technique for addressing combinatorial optimization problems, including the Traveling Salesperson Problem. In general, deep learning models possessing the property of invariance, where…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-09 Ryo Ishiyama , Takahiro Shirakawa , Seiichi Uchida , Shinnosuke Matsuo

Deep learning models perform poorly when domain shifts exist between training and test data. Test-time adaptation (TTA) is a paradigm to mitigate this issue by adapting pre-trained models using only unlabeled test samples. However, existing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Taeckyung Lee , Sorn Chottananurak , Junsu Kim , Jinwoo Shin , Taesik Gong , Sung-Ju Lee

Deep neural networks demonstrate strong performance under aligned training-test distributions. However, real-world test data often exhibit domain shifts. Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) addresses this challenge by adapting the model to test data…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-27 Byung-Joon Lee , Jin-Seop Lee , Jee-Hyong Lee

Data augmentation is known to contribute significantly to the robustness of machine learning models. In most instances, data augmentation is utilized during the training phase. Test-Time Augmentation (TTA) is a technique that instead…

机器学习 · 统计学 2024-09-20 Masanari Kimura , Howard Bondell

This paper proposes a novel online evaluation protocol for Test Time Adaptation (TTA) methods, which penalizes slower methods by providing them with fewer samples for adaptation. TTA methods leverage unlabeled data at test time to adapt to…

Deep models often suffer significant performance degradation under distribution shifts. Domain generalization (DG) seeks to mitigate this challenge by enabling models to generalize to unseen domains. Most prior approaches rely on…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Zhicheng Lin , Xiaolin Wu , Xi Zhang

Prior to the deployment of robotic systems, pre-training the deep-recognition models on all potential visual cases is infeasible in practice. Hence, test-time adaptation (TTA) allows the model to adapt itself to novel environments and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-04-18 Junha Song , Kwanyong Park , InKyu Shin , Sanghyun Woo , Chaoning Zhang , In So Kweon

The goal of this paper is to enhance face recognition performance by augmenting head poses during the testing phase. Existing methods often rely on training on frontalised images or learning pose-invariant representations, yet both…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-15 Jaemin Jung , Youngjoon Jang , Joon Son Chung

Ensemble methods improve predictive performance but often incur high memory and computational costs. We identify an aggregation instability induced by nonlinear projection and voting operations. To address both efficiency challenges and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Zheng Li , Jerry Cheng , Huanying Helen Gu

Vision Transformer (ViT) is becoming more popular in image processing. Specifically, we investigate the effectiveness of test-time adaptation (TTA) on ViT, a technique that has emerged to correct its prediction during test-time by itself.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-06-29 Takeshi Kojima , Yutaka Matsuo , Yusuke Iwasawa

Vision-language models (VLMs) such as CLIP achieve strong zero-shot recognition but degrade significantly under \textit{temporally evolving distribution shifts} common in real-world scenarios (e.g., gradual illumination or seasonal…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-14 Shuang Cui , Jinglin Xu , Yi Li , Xiongxin Tang , Jiangmeng Li , Jiahuan Zhou , Fanjiang Xu , Fuchun Sun , Hui Xiong