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Label smoothing (LS) is a popular regularisation method for training neural networks as it is effective in improving test accuracy and is simple to implement. ``Hard'' one-hot labels are ``smoothed'' by uniformly distributing probability…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-21 Guoxuan Xia , Olivier Laurent , Gianni Franchi , Christos-Savvas Bouganis

Label Smoothing (LS) is an effective regularizer to improve the generalization of state-of-the-art deep models. For each training sample the LS strategy smooths the one-hot encoded training signal by distributing its distribution mass over…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-12-04 Hongyu Guo

Label Smoothing (LS) improves model generalization through penalizing models from generating overconfident output distributions. For each training sample the LS strategy smooths the one-hot encoded training signal by distributing its…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-06-29 Hongyu Guo

Regularization is an effective way to promote the generalization performance of machine learning models. In this paper, we focus on label smoothing, a form of output distribution regularization that prevents overfitting of a neural network…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-07-07 Weizhi Li , Gautam Dasarathy , Visar Berisha

Label smoothing is an effective regularization tool for deep neural networks (DNNs), which generates soft labels by applying a weighted average between the uniform distribution and the hard label. It is often used to reduce the overfitting…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-07-23 Chang-Bin Zhang , Peng-Tao Jiang , Qibin Hou , Yunchao Wei , Qi Han , Zhen Li , Ming-Ming Cheng

Despite the success of deep neural network (DNN) on sequential data (i.e., scene text and speech) recognition, it suffers from the over-confidence problem mainly due to overfitting in training with the cross-entropy loss, which may make the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-03-14 Shuangping Huang , Yu Luo , Zhenzhou Zhuang , Jin-Gang Yu , Mengchao He , Yongpan Wang

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) have been rigorously studied for Hyperspectral Image Classification (HSIC) and are known to be effective in exploiting joint spatial-spectral information with the expense of lower generalization…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-04-27 Muhammad Ahmad , Manuel Mazzara , Salvatore Distefano

Training neural networks with one-hot target labels often results in overconfidence and overfitting. Label smoothing addresses this issue by perturbing the one-hot target labels by adding a uniform probability vector to create a regularized…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-09 Sachin Chhabra , Hemanth Venkateswara , Baoxin Li

In this paper, we propose Selective Output Smoothing Regularization, a novel regularization method for training the Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Inspired by the diverse effects on training from different samples, Selective Output…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-03-30 Xuan Cheng , Tianshu Xie , Xiaomin Wang , Qifeng Weng , Minghui Liu , Jiali Deng , Ming Liu

Label smoothing (LS) is an arising learning paradigm that uses the positively weighted average of both the hard training labels and uniformly distributed soft labels. It was shown that LS serves as a regularizer for training data with hard…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-06-28 Jiaheng Wei , Hangyu Liu , Tongliang Liu , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama , Yang Liu

Label Smoothing (LS) is widely adopted to reduce overconfidence in neural network predictions and improve generalization. Despite these benefits, recent studies reveal two critical issues with LS. First, LS induces overconfidence in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-06 Yuxuan Zhou , Heng Li , Zhi-Qi Cheng , Xudong Yan , Yifei Dong , Mario Fritz , Margret Keuper

The generalization and learning speed of a multi-class neural network can often be significantly improved by using soft targets that are a weighted average of the hard targets and the uniform distribution over labels. Smoothing the labels…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-06-12 Rafael Müller , Simon Kornblith , Geoffrey Hinton

We systematically explore regularizing neural networks by penalizing low entropy output distributions. We show that penalizing low entropy output distributions, which has been shown to improve exploration in reinforcement learning, acts as…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2017-01-24 Gabriel Pereyra , George Tucker , Jan Chorowski , Łukasz Kaiser , Geoffrey Hinton

This paper concerns the use of objectness measures to improve the calibration performance of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). CNNs have proven to be very good classifiers and generally localize objects well; however, the loss functions…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-12-09 Ujwal Krothapalli , A. Lynn Abbott

We study Label Smoothing (LS), a widely used regularization technique, in the context of neural learning to rank (L2R) models. LS combines the ground-truth labels with a uniform distribution, encouraging the model to be less confident in…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2020-12-17 Gustavo Penha , Claudia Hauff

Deep learning models, especially convolutional neural networks, have achieved impressive results in medical image classification. However, these models often produce overconfident predictions, which can undermine their reliability in…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-24 Kushan Choudhury , Shubhrodeep Roy , Ankur Chanda , Shubhajit Biswas , Somenath Kuiry

We address the problem of network calibration adjusting miscalibrated confidences of deep neural networks. Many approaches to network calibration adopt a regularization-based method that exploits a regularization term to smooth the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-08-25 Hyekang Park , Jongyoun Noh , Youngmin Oh , Donghyeon Baek , Bumsub Ham

Regularization techniques are crucial to improving the generalization performance and training efficiency of deep neural networks. Many deep learning algorithms rely on weight decay, dropout, batch/layer normalization to converge faster and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-23 Peng Lu , Ahmad Rashid , Ivan Kobyzev , Mehdi Rezagholizadeh , Philippe Langlais

Despite the great success of state-of-the-art deep neural networks, several studies have reported models to be over-confident in predictions, indicating miscalibration. Label Smoothing has been proposed as a solution to the over-confidence…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-01-31 Shuang Ao , Stefan Rueger , Advaith Siddharthan

Label smoothing loss is a widely adopted technique to mitigate overfitting in deep neural networks. This paper studies label smoothing from the perspective of Neural Collapse (NC), a powerful empirical and theoretical framework which…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Li Guo , George Andriopoulos , Zifan Zhao , Shuyang Ling , Zixuan Dong , Keith Ross
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