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Large language models (LLMs) are now routinely used to autonomously execute complex tasks, from natural language processing to dynamic workflows like web searches. The usage of tool-calling and Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) allows…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-13 Dennis Rall , Bernhard Bauer , Mohit Mittal , Thomas Fraunholz

With the rise of Speech Large Language Models (SpeechLLMs), two dominant approaches have emerged for speech processing: discrete tokens and continuous features. Each approach has demonstrated strong capabilities in audio-related processing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-26 Dingdong Wang , Junan Li , Mingyu Cui , Dongchao Yang , Xueyuan Chen , Helen Meng

Large Language Models (LLMs) are vulnerable to jailbreaking attacks that lead to generation of inappropriate or harmful content. Manual red-teaming requires a time-consuming search for adversarial prompts, whereas automatic adversarial…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Anselm Paulus , Arman Zharmagambetov , Chuan Guo , Brandon Amos , Yuandong Tian

Traditionally, writing assistance systems have focused on short or even single-word suggestions. Recently, large language models like GPT-3 have made it possible to generate significantly longer natural-sounding suggestions, offering more…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-02-28 Liye Fu , Benjamin Newman , Maurice Jakesch , Sarah Kreps

With the development of large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT, both their vast applications and potential vulnerabilities have come to the forefront. While developers have integrated multiple safety mechanisms to mitigate their misuse,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-23 Xiao Liu , Liangzhi Li , Tong Xiang , Fuying Ye , Lu Wei , Wangyue Li , Noa Garcia

Enabling continual learning in LLMs remains a key unresolved research challenge. In a recent announcement, a frontier LLM company made a step towards this by introducing Agent Skills, a framework that equips agents with new knowledge based…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-31 David Schmotz , Sahar Abdelnabi , Maksym Andriushchenko

Large Language Models (LLMs) are being integrated into applications such as chatbots or email assistants. To prevent improper responses, safety mechanisms, such as Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF), are implemented in them.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-01 Matteo Gioele Collu , Tom Janssen-Groesbeek , Stefanos Koffas , Mauro Conti , Stjepan Picek

As large language models (LLMs) increasingly permeate daily lives, there is a growing demand for real-time interactions that mirror human conversations. Traditional turn-based chat systems driven by LLMs prevent users from verbally…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-14 Xinrong Zhang , Yingfa Chen , Shengding Hu , Xu Han , Zihang Xu , Yuanwei Xu , Weilin Zhao , Maosong Sun , Zhiyuan Liu

Cybersecurity continues to be a difficult issue for society especially as the number of networked systems grows. Techniques to protect these systems range from rules-based to artificial intelligence-based intrusion detection systems and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-05-10 Paul Maxwell , David Niblick , Daniel C. Ruiz

While effective backdoor detection and inversion schemes have been developed for AIs used e.g. for images, there are challenges in "porting" these methods to LLMs. First, the LLM input space is discrete, which precludes gradient-based…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-22 Zhengxing Li , Guangmingmei Yang , Jayaram Raghuram , David J. Miller , George Kesidis

In this survey paper, we overview major deep learning methods used in Natural Language Processing (NLP) and source code over the last 35 years. Next, we present a survey of the applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for source code,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-02-11 Erfan Al-Hossami , Samira Shaikh

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have dramatically improved performance on a wide range of tasks, driving rapid enterprise adoption. Yet, the cost of adopting these AI services is understudied. Unlike traditional software…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Soogand Alavi , Salar Nozari , Andrea Luangrath

Machine learning has become mainstream across industries. Numerous examples proved the validity of it for security applications. In this work, we investigate how to reverse engineer a neural network by using only power side-channel…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2018-10-23 Lejla Batina , Shivam Bhasin , Dirmanto Jap , Stjepan Picek

The field of software security testing, more specifically penetration testing, is an activity that requires high levels of expertise and involves many manual testing and analysis steps. This paper explores the potential usage of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-19 Andreas Happe , Jürgen Cito

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming artificial intelligence, enabling autonomous agents to perform diverse tasks across various domains. These agents, proficient in human-like text comprehension and generation, have the potential…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-04-10 Saikat Barua

Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly rely on third-party API routers to dispatch tool-calling requests across multiple upstream providers. These routers operate as application-layer proxies with full plaintext access to every…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-10 Hanzhi Liu , Chaofan Shou , Hongbo Wen , Yanju Chen , Ryan Jingyang Fang , Yu Feng

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed across edge and cloud platforms for real-time question-answering and retrieval-augmented generation. However, processing lengthy contexts in distributed systems incurs high…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-19 Camille Couturier , Spyros Mastorakis , Haiying Shen , Saravan Rajmohan , Victor Rühle

Web-browsing AI agents are increasingly deployed in enterprise settings under strict whitelists of approved domains, yet adversaries can still influence them by embedding hidden instructions in the HTML pages those domains serve. Existing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Chia-Pei , Chen , Kentaroh Toyoda , Anita Lai , Alex Leung

Large language models (LLMs) have displayed massive improvements in reasoning and decision-making skills and can hold natural conversations with users. Many recent works seek to augment LLM-based assistants with external tools so they can…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-21 Nicholas Farn , Richard Shin

Security Operations Centers (SOCs) face growing challenges in managing cybersecurity threats due to an overwhelming volume of alerts, a shortage of skilled analysts, and poorly integrated tools. Human-AI collaboration offers a promising…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-13 Massimiliano Albanese , Xinming Ou , Kevin Lybarger , Daniel Lende , Dmitry Goldgof