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Unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) aims to detect anomalies without labeled data, a necessity in many machine learning applications where anomalous samples are rare or not available. Most state-of-the-art methods fall into two categories:…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-30 Nicolas Pinon , Carole Lartizien

Anomaly detection in medical images refers to the identification of abnormal images with only normal images in the training set. Most existing methods solve this problem with a self-reconstruction framework, which tends to learn an identity…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2021-10-06 Kang Zhou , Jing Li , Weixin Luo , Zhengxin Li , Jianlong Yang , Huazhu Fu , Jun Cheng , Jiang Liu , Shenghua Gao

The application of supervised models to clinical screening tasks is challenging due to the need for annotated data for each considered pathology. Unsupervised Anomaly Detection (UAD) is an alternative approach that aims to identify any…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-01-24 Finn Behrendt , Debayan Bhattacharya , Robin Mieling , Lennart Maack , Julia Krüger , Roland Opfer , Alexander Schlaefer

Detecting anomalies in fundus images through unsupervised methods is a challenging task due to the similarity between normal and abnormal tissues, as well as their indistinct boundaries. The current methods have limitations in accurately…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-12-29 Jingqi Niu , Qinji Yu , Shiwen Dong , Zilong Wang , Kang Dang , Xiaowei Ding

Medical imaging data suffers from the limited availability of annotation because annotating 3D medical data is a time-consuming and expensive task. Moreover, even if the annotation is available, supervised learning-based approaches suffer…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2020-11-12 Abinav Ravi Venkatakrishnan , Seong Tae Kim , Rami Eisawy , Franz Pfister , Nassir Navab

Detection of various lesions in brain MRI is clinically critical, but challenging due to the diversity of lesions and variability in imaging conditions. Current unsupervised learning methods detect anomalies mainly through reconstructing…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-29 Tao Yang , Xiuying Wang , Hao Liu , Guanzhong Gong , Lian-Ming Wu , Yu-Ping Wang , Lisheng Wang

Unsupervised anomaly detection aims to identify anomalies without pixel-level annotations. Synthetic anomaly-based methods exhibit a unique capacity to introduce controllable irregularities with known masks, enabling explicit supervision…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-02 Qinyi Cao , Jianan Fan , Weidong Cai

Due to the high cost of manually annotating medical images, especially for large-scale datasets, anomaly detection has been explored through training models with only normal data. Lacking prior knowledge of true anomalies is the main reason…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2022-03-15 Weikai Huang , Yijin Huang , Xiaoying Tang

Anomaly detection in retinal image refers to the identification of abnormality caused by various retinal diseases/lesions, by only leveraging normal images in training phase. Normal images from healthy subjects often have regular structures…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2020-08-11 Kang Zhou , Yuting Xiao , Jianlong Yang , Jun Cheng , Wen Liu , Weixin Luo , Zaiwang Gu , Jiang Liu , Shenghua Gao

Unsupervised anomaly detection aims to build models to effectively detect unseen anomalies by only training on the normal data. Although previous reconstruction-based methods have made fruitful progress, their generalization ability is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-01-04 Yuxin Zhang , Jindong Wang , Yiqiang Chen , Han Yu , Tao Qin

Anomaly detection, which aims to identify anomalies deviating from normal patterns, is challenging due to the limited amount of normal data available. Unlike most existing unified methods that rely on carefully designed image feature…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-01 Jiawei Liu , Jiahe Hou , Wei Wang , Jinsong Du , Yang Cong , Huijie Fan

In recent years, anomaly detection has become an essential field in medical image analysis. Most current anomaly detection methods for medical images are based on image reconstruction. In this work, we propose a novel anomaly detection…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-01-20 Florentin Bieder , Julia Wolleb , Robin Sandkühler , Philippe C. Cattin

The increasing complexity of medical imaging data underscores the need for advanced anomaly detection methods to automatically identify diverse pathologies. Current methods face challenges in capturing the broad spectrum of anomalies, often…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-01-22 Cosmin I. Bercea , Benedikt Wiestler , Daniel Rueckert , Julia A. Schnabel

Reconstruction-based methods play an important role in unsupervised anomaly detection in images. Ideally, we expect a perfect reconstruction for normal samples and poor reconstruction for abnormal samples. Since the generalizability of deep…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-07-29 Jinlei Hou , Yingying Zhang , Qiaoyong Zhong , Di Xie , Shiliang Pu , Hong Zhou

Anomaly detection and localization in medical images is a challenging task, especially when the anomaly exhibits a change of existing structures, e.g., brain atrophy or changes in the pleural space due to pleural effusions. In this work, we…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2020-07-29 Julia Wolleb , Robin Sandkühler , Philippe C. Cattin

Deep unsupervised representation learning has recently led to new approaches in the field of Unsupervised Anomaly Detection (UAD) in brain MRI. The main principle behind these works is to learn a model of normal anatomy by learning to…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2020-04-09 Christoph Baur , Stefan Denner , Benedikt Wiestler , Shadi Albarqouni , Nassir Navab

One pivot challenge for image anomaly (AD) detection is to learn discriminative information only from normal class training images. Most image reconstruction based AD methods rely on the discriminative capability of reconstruction error.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-07-21 Dongyun Lin , Yiqun Li , Shudong Xie , Tin Lay Nwe , Sheng Dong

In image anomaly detection, significant advancements have been made using un- and self-supervised methods with datasets containing only normal samples. However, these approaches often struggle with fine-grained anomalies. This paper…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-04-02 Huichuan Huang , Zhiqing Zhong , Guangyu Wei , Yonghao Wan , Wenlong Sun , Aimin Feng

Reconstruction error-based neural architectures constitute a classical deep learning approach to anomaly detection which has shown great performances. It consists in training an Autoencoder to reconstruct a set of examples deemed to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-06 Fabrizio Angiulli , Fabio Fassetti , Luca Ferragina

Deep autoencoder has been extensively used for anomaly detection. Training on the normal data, the autoencoder is expected to produce higher reconstruction error for the abnormal inputs than the normal ones, which is adopted as a criterion…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-08-07 Dong Gong , Lingqiao Liu , Vuong Le , Budhaditya Saha , Moussa Reda Mansour , Svetha Venkatesh , Anton van den Hengel