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This paper illustrates the central role of loss functions in data-driven decision making, providing a comprehensive survey on their influence in cost-sensitive classification (CSC) and reinforcement learning (RL). We demonstrate how…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-04-07 Kaiwen Wang , Nathan Kallus , Wen Sun

Despite the strong predictive performance achieved by machine learning models across many application domains, assessing their trustworthiness through reliable estimates of predictive confidence remains a critical challenge. This issue…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-25 Abolfazl Mohammadi-Seif , Carlos Soares , Rita P. Ribeiro , Ricardo Baeza-Yates

Data imbalance persists as a pervasive challenge in regression tasks, introducing bias in model performance and undermining predictive reliability. This is particularly detrimental in applications aimed at predicting rare events that fall…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Jelke Wibbeke , Sebastian Rohjans , Andreas Rauh

This paper proposes a deep representation learning using an information-theoretic loss with an aim to increase the inter-class distances as well as within-class similarity in the embedded space. Tasks such as anomaly and out-of-distribution…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-02-08 Shin Ando

Regression is fundamental in computer vision and is widely used in various tasks including age estimation, depth estimation, target localization, \etc However, real-world data often exhibits imbalanced distribution, making regression models…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-08-26 Yahao Liu , Qin Wang , Lixin Duan , Wen Li

Diffusion models (DMs) have demonstrated remarkable ability to generate diverse and high-quality images by efficiently modeling complex data distributions. They have also been explored as powerful generative priors for signal recovery,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Anqi Tang , Youming Chen , Shuchen Xue , Zhaoqiang Liu

Data-driven approaches such as deep learning can result in predictive models for material properties with exceptional accuracy and efficiency. However, in many applications, data is sparse, severely limiting their accuracy and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-29 Robert J Appleton , Brian C Barnes , Alejandro Strachan

This paper presents a comprehensive review of loss functions and performance metrics in deep learning, highlighting key developments and practical insights across diverse application areas. We begin by outlining fundamental considerations…

The softmax cross-entropy loss function has been widely used to train deep models for various tasks. In this work, we propose a Gaussian mixture (GM) loss function for deep neural networks for visual classification. Unlike the softmax…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-11-19 Weitao Wan , Jiansheng Chen , Cheng Yu , Tong Wu , Yuanyi Zhong , Ming-Hsuan Yang

Data in real-world application often exhibit skewed class distribution which poses an intense challenge for machine learning. Conventional classification algorithms are not effective in the case of imbalanced data distribution, and may fail…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-01-08 Enlu Lin , Qiong Chen , Xiaoming Qi

Machine learning offers potential solutions to current issues in industrial systems in areas such as quality control and predictive maintenance, but also faces unique barriers in industrial applications. An ongoing challenge is extreme…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-15 Lesley Wheat , Martin v. Mohrenschildt , Saeid Habibi

One of the first beings affected by changes in the climate are trees, one of our most vital resources. In this study tree species interaction and the response to climate in different ecological environments is observed by applying a joint…

种群与进化 · 定量生物学 2019-10-14 Hyun Choi , Ali Sadeghian , Sergio Marconi , Ethan White , Daisy Zhe Wang

Real-world datasets exhibit imbalances of varying types and degrees. Several techniques based on re-weighting and margin adjustment of loss are often used to enhance the performance of neural networks, particularly on minority classes. In…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-12-29 Harsh Rangwani , Sumukh K Aithal , Mayank Mishra , R. Venkatesh Babu

Consider learning a policy purely on the basis of demonstrated behavior -- that is, with no access to reinforcement signals, no knowledge of transition dynamics, and no further interaction with the environment. This *strictly batch…

机器学习 · 统计学 2021-01-15 Daniel Jarrett , Ioana Bica , Mihaela van der Schaar

Active learning aims to optimize the dataset annotation process when resources are constrained. Most existing methods are designed for balanced datasets. Their practical applicability is limited by the fact that a majority of real-life…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-02-02 Umang Aggarwal , Adrian Popescu , Céline Hudelot

1. Joint Species Distribution models (JSDMs) explain spatial variation in community composition by contributions of the environment, biotic associations, and possibly spatially structured residual covariance. They show great promise as a…

定量方法 · 定量生物学 2023-03-28 Maximilian Pichler , Florian Hartig

Distribution system state estimation (DSSE) plays a crucial role in the real-time monitoring, control, and operation of distribution networks. Besides intensive computational requirements, conventional DSSE methods need high-quality…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-08-05 Renyou Xie , Xin Yin , Chaojie Li , Guo Chen , Nian Liu , Bo Zhao , Zhaoyang Dong

Data driven models of dynamical systems help planners and controllers to provide more precise and accurate motions. Most model learning algorithms will try to minimize a loss function between the observed data and the model's predictions.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-02-12 Clark Zhang , Santiago Paternain , Alejandro Ribeiro

Supervised deep learning methods are enjoying enormous success in many practical applications of computer vision and have the potential to revolutionize robotics. However, the marked performance degradation to biases and imbalanced data…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-08-14 Aadarsh Sahoo , Ankit Singh , Rameswar Panda , Rogerio Feris , Abir Das

Change detection is a key task in Earth observation applications. Recently, deep learning methods have demonstrated strong performance and widespread application. However, change detection faces data scarcity due to the labor-intensive…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-27 Ziyu Zhou , Keyan Hu , Yutian Fang , Xiaoping Rui