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Multiple instance learning (MIL) models have achieved remarkable success in analyzing whole slide images (WSIs) for disease classification problems. However, with regard to gigapixel WSI classification problems, current MIL models are often…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-12-14 Ziyu Su , Mostafa Rezapour , Usama Sajjad , Metin Nafi Gurcan , Muhammad Khalid Khan Niazi

Digital histopathology whole slide images (WSIs) provide gigapixel-scale high-resolution images that are highly useful for disease diagnosis. However, digital histopathology image analysis faces significant challenges due to the limited…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Bodong Zhang , Xiwen Li , Hamid Manoochehri , Xiaoya Tang , Deepika Sirohi , Beatrice S. Knudsen , Tolga Tasdizen

Attention-based multiple instance learning (AMIL) algorithms have proven to be successful in utilizing gigapixel whole-slide images (WSIs) for a variety of different computational pathology tasks such as outcome prediction and cancer…

Whole-slide MIL models are often called context-aware once graphs, Transform ers, or state-space modules are placed above patch embeddings. We show that this label can be deceptive. On pathology tasks where tissue architecture is part of…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Xiangyu Li , Ran Su

Advances in medical imaging and deep learning have propelled progress in whole slide image (WSI) analysis, with multiple instance learning (MIL) showing promise for efficient and accurate diagnostics. However, conventional MIL models often…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-19 Xianrui Li , Yufei Cui , Jun Li , Antoni B. Chan

When applying multi-instance learning (MIL) to make predictions for bags of instances, the prediction accuracy of an instance often depends on not only the instance itself but also its context in the corresponding bag. From the viewpoint of…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-04-25 Tiancheng Lin , Hongteng Xu , Canqian Yang , Yi Xu

Computational pathology (CPath) digitizes pathology slides into whole slide images (WSIs), enabling analysis for critical healthcare tasks such as cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, WSIs possess extremely long sequence lengths (up to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-04 Wenhao Tang , Heng Fang , Ge Wu , Xiang Li , Ming-Ming Cheng

Whole slide image (WSI) classification often relies on deep weakly supervised multiple instance learning (MIL) methods to handle gigapixel resolution images and slide-level labels. Yet the decent performance of deep learning comes from…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-07-06 Jiawei Yang , Hanbo Chen , Yu Zhao , Fan Yang , Yao Zhang , Lei He , Jianhua Yao

In the supervised learning setting termed Multiple-Instance Learning (MIL), the examples are bags of instances, and the bag label is a function of the labels of its instances. Typically, this function is the Boolean OR. The learner observes…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2015-03-19 Sivan Sabato , Naftali Tishby

Current multi-instance learning algorithms for pathology image analysis often require a substantial number of Whole Slide Images for effective training but exhibit suboptimal performance in scenarios with limited learning data. In clinical…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-07-16 Linhao Qu , Dingkang Yang , Dan Huang , Qinhao Guo , Rongkui Luo , Shaoting Zhang , Xiaosong Wang

Cancer survival prediction is a challenging task that involves analyzing of the tumor microenvironment within Whole Slide Image (WSI). Previous methods cannot effectively capture the intricate interaction features among instances within the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-10-23 Zekang Yang , Hong Liu , Xiangdong Wang

Multiple-instance Learning (MIL) is commonly used to undertake computational pathology (CPath) tasks, and the use of multi-scale patches allows diverse features across scales to be learned. Previous studies using multi-scale features in…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Shuyang Wu , Yifu Qiu , Ines P. Nearchou , Sandrine Prost , Jonathan A Fallowfield , Hakan Bilen , Timothy J Kendall

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) has been widely used in weakly supervised whole slide image (WSI) classification. Typical MIL methods include a feature embedding part, which embeds the instances into features via a pre-trained feature…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-08-02 Peijie Qiu , Pan Xiao , Wenhui Zhu , Yalin Wang , Aristeidis Sotiras

Multiple instance learning (MIL) is a powerful tool to solve the weakly supervised classification in whole slide image (WSI) based pathology diagnosis. However, the current MIL methods are usually based on independent and identical…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-11-02 Zhuchen Shao , Hao Bian , Yang Chen , Yifeng Wang , Jian Zhang , Xiangyang Ji , Yongbing Zhang

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) is a popular weakly-supervised method for various applications, with a particular interest in histological whole slide image (WSI) classification. Due to the gigapixel resolution of WSI, applications of MIL…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-21 Wenhui Zhu , Peijie Qiu , Xiwen Chen , Zhangsihao Yang , Aristeidis Sotiras , Abolfazl Razi , Yalin Wang

Multiple instance learning (MIL) has been extensively applied to whole slide histopathology image (WSI) analysis. The existing aggregation strategy in MIL, which primarily relies on the first-order distance (e.g., mean difference) between…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-07-22 Yihang Chen , Tsai Hor Chan , Guosheng Yin , Yuming Jiang , Lequan Yu

We consider machine-learning-based thyroid-malignancy prediction from cytopathology whole-slide images (WSI). Multiple instance learning (MIL) approaches, typically used for the analysis of WSIs, divide the image (bag) into patches…

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) is a weakly-supervised problem in which one label is assigned to the whole bag of instances. An important class of MIL models is instance-based, where we first classify instances and then aggregate those…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-03-13 Łukasz Struski , Dawid Rymarczyk , Arkadiusz Lewicki , Robert Sabiniewicz , Jacek Tabor , Bartosz Zieliński

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) has emerged as a dominant paradigm to extract discriminative feature representations within Whole Slide Images (WSIs) in computational pathology. Despite driving notable progress, existing MIL approaches…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-03-12 Shu Yang , Yihui Wang , Hao Chen

Whole slide image (WSI) classification is a critical task in computational pathology. However, the gigapixel-size of such images remains a major challenge for the current state of deep-learning. Current methods rely on multiple-instance…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-10-04 Etienne Pochet , Rami Maroun , Roger Trullo